UNIT D - ( Human Digestive System) Flashcards
The largest organ in your body?
The liver
The function of the villi found inside the small intestine is to…..?
increase the surface area of the small intestine to increase the absorption rate of digested foods.
A product formed from the digestion of butter is…?
glycerol
The hormone enterogastrone is released in response to fats in the small intestine. Enterogastrone affects the stomach by __________ the production of gastric juices, and ____________ peristalsis.
decreasing, inhibiting
What is the main purpose of the digestive system?
To break down food
What type of proteins does saliva have that helps break down starchy foods?
Enzymes
True or False: The stomach is responsible for killing a lot of the bad bacteria in the food we eat.
true
The small intestine has fluids from which two organs to help continue to break down food?
Liver and Pancreas
Where is the last stage of the digestive system?
Large Intestine
Where is bile from the liver stored?
Gall Bladder
What type of molecules does bile break down?
Fats
What is pepsin?
An enzyme present in gastric juice that begins the hydrolysis of proteins
What is the amylase?
enzyme in saliva that breaks the chemical bonds in starches
What is the name of the stomach cell that secretes hydrochloric acid?
Parietal cell
Which of the following macromolecules is digested in the small intestine?
Nucleic Acids
The enzyme amylase is secreted into the…….?
the small intestine
The major movement of food through the GI tract is called?
Peristalsis
Which of the following enzymes digests protein?
Pepsin
Which two secretions need to be present for lipid digestion?
bile and pancreatic juices
What important nutrient is made in the large intestine?
Vitamin K and B vitamins, including biotin
Parotid, submandibular, and sublingual all refer to:
salivary glands
This muscular valve prevents gastric juices from flowing back out of the stomach and into the esophagus….
cardiac sphincter
In which part of the digestive system is water absorbed?
Large intestine
In which part of the digestive system is food directed from the mouth to the stomach?
esophagus
secretes enzymes that digest macromolecules; absorbs hydrolyzed molecules into bloodstream. What am I?
The small intestine
manufactures enzymes to digest macromolecules; secretes bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid that enters
small intestine. What am I?
The pancreas
In which part of the digestive system is bile stored until needed?
The gall bladder
The chemical breakdown of starch begins in?
mouth
How does Gastrin function in the digestion of proteins?
Gastrin signals the release of HCL which helps the break down polypeptides
Stomach, mouth, tongue……
physically digest food
Which structure in the digestive system produces a substance that results in a low Ph?
The stomach
Which organ produces enzymes which aid in the digestion of fats?
pancreas
Where is maltose produced as a result of protein digestion?
the mouth
