Unit D: Chemical Equilibrium + Acid/Base Systems Module 7 Flashcards
Dynamic Equilibrium
when the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate
Conditions of a dynamic equilibrium system
- reaction must be reversible
- system must be closed (no matter can enter/exit)
- temperature and pressure remain constant
Types od Dynamic Equilibrium
phase Equilibrium
solubility Equilibrium
chemical reaction Equilibrium
Phase Equilibrium
one chemical substance existing in more than one phase
Solubillity Equilibrium
one chemical solute interacting with a solvent substance
Chemical Reaction Equilibrium
reactants are converted to products at the same rate as products are converted to reactants
Percent Yield
amount of product measured at equilibrium compared w the hypothetical maximum amount of product when the limiting reagents react fully
no reverse reaction / non spontaneity
If the percent yield is < 50% then…
reactants are favoured
If the percent yield is > 50% then…
products are favoured
If the percent yield is >99.9% then…
quantitative
The only thing that effects Equilibrium Constant is …
temperature change
If Kc = 1 then…
concentration of products = reactants
If Kc > 1 then…
concentration of products > reactants
If Kc < 1 then…
concentration of products < reactants
Homogenous Equilibrium System
all reactants and products are the same state
Heterogenous Equilibrium System
more then one state
Le Chatelier’s Principle
Any stress placed on an equilibrium system will cause a shift in the system to counteract the stress and form a new equilibrium
Increase in pressure causes…
shift to the side with less moles
Decrease in pressure causes…
shift to the size with more moles
What happens when an inert gas is added to an equilibrium system?
no change because it doesn’t effect concentrations of reactants/products
Increase in temp causes…
endothermic reaction to be favoured and increases the Kc
Decrease in temp causes…
exothermic reaction to be favoured and decrease in Kc
