Unit A: Organic Chemistry Module 1

Question 1

Hydrocarbon

Answer 1

molecule made of only hydrogens and carbons

Question 2

Homologous Series

Answer 2

progression of organic compounds that increase by CH2

Question 3

Inorganic Compounds

Answer 3

oxides and ionic compounds such as cyanides, carbides, carbonate

Question 4

Aliphatic hydrocarbons

Answer 4

alkanes, alkenes, alkynes

Question 5

Structural Isomer

Answer 5

compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures

Question 6

Which has a lower boiling point: straight or branched alkane?

Answer 6

branched bc the the further away the molecules are the weaker the London dispersion forces

Question 7

Alkene/Alkyne Structural Isomers

Answer 7

when the multiple bond changes location or a straight chain turns branched or a cyclohydrocarbon

Question 8

Aromatic Hydrocarbons + Characteristics

Answer 8

compounds that contain a benzene ring

molecular formula is C6H6

high melting/boiling point

Question 9

Sour Natural Gas

Answer 9

gas containing hydrogen sulphide

Question 10

Crude Oil

Answer 10

mixture of hydrocarbons pumped out of the ground

Question 11

Fractional Distillation + Important Info

Answer 11

separates hydrocarbons based on their boiling point

hotter temps at the bottom then at the top

Question 12

Solvent Extraction + Important Info

Answer 12

solvent is used to dissolve and remove impurities

separates solvents based on solubility

like dissolves like - polar substance dissolves polar substance

Question 13

Cracking

Answer 13

heat/catalysts are used to break larger molecules into smaller ones (thermal and catalytic cracking)

Question 14

Hydrocracking

Answer 14

using hydrogen to do cracking

Question 15

Alkylation

Answer 15

converts straight chain alkanes into branched branched alkanes

smaller molecules join to make larger ones

Question 16

Catalytic Reforming

Answer 16

converts alkanes into aromatic hydrocarbons by releasing hydrogen gas

Question 17

Oil Sands

Answer 17

known as dirty oil bc of environmental damages, it is full of bitumen

processes of refining it are coking hydrotreating and hydrocracking

Question 18

Bitumen

Answer 18

mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons in the form of sand (oil covers the sand)

Question 19

Boiling Point Trends

Answer 19

the longer the carbon chain, the more electrons, the higher the boiling point

the fewer the branches present, the higher the boiling point