Unit A section 1,2 Flashcards
5 kingdoms?
Animalia, plantae, fungi, protista, monera
What is in the animalia kingdom
animals
What is in the monera kingdom
Bacteria
who developed a system to classify biological diversity
Carolus Linnaeus
What is in the plantae kingdom
Plants
Define community
different species that live in the same area
What is in the fungi kingdom
yeast, moulds, mushrooms
order of classification of biological diversity
Kingdoms, phyla (subphylum), classes, orders, families, genera, species
What is in the protista kingdom
Unicellular organisms
ecosystem—-> ________—–>_________
Community, population
symbiosis
2 species live closely together in a relationship
what happens in mutualism
both organisms benefit
define ecosystem
interaction between biotic and abuotic organisms
who benefits in mutualism
both
who benefits in parasitism
one, the other is harmed
who benefits in commemsalism
one, the other is neither harmed nor benefited
the one that benefits in parasitism?
parasite
the one that is harmed in parasitism?
host
what symbiotic relationship is a bird building a nest on a tree an example of?
commensalism
what symbiotic relationship is barnacles attaching to whales for transportation an example of?
commensalism
what symbiotic relationship is tapeworms in humans an example of?
parasitism
define niche
a role of an organism in an ecosystem
define inter species competition
2 or more species need the same resource
define resource partitioning
division of a resource among 2 or more coexisting species
define natural selection
when the most suited, the strongest of each species survive
formula for diversity index
diversity index = #of runs/ # of specimens
define heritable characteristics
characteristics passed through generations
define non-heritable characteristics
acquired characteristics
define discrete variation
differences in characteristics that have a defined form (either/or, yes or no, black and white)
define continuous variation
differences in characteristics that have a range of possibilities (i.e shoe size)
2 properties of asexual reproduction
- requires 1 parent
- offspring is identical to the parent
4 types of asexual reproduction
Binary fission, budding, spore reproduction and vegetative
one cell organisms reproduce like this, they split exactly in 2 producing 2 identical individuals
Binary fission
the parent produces a smaller version of itself
budding
define spore reproduction
spores are like seeds, but they are produced by parent cell division that develop
define vegetative reproduction
plants that reproduce without seeds. They create roots or runners
define gamete
a cell with the role of joining with another gamete during reproduction
define egg in sexual reproduction
the female gamete
define zygote
Unicellular organism formed through fertilization
define population
members of the same species ok tyr same area sharing resources
how are organisms named
using genus and species
define cleavage
process in which zygote divides itself repeatedly
where is pollen found
stamen
define fertilization
union of the 2 gametes
sperm+egg= ________—> _______—>_______—>________
fertilization, zygote, cleavage, embryo
what contains the MALE gametes of a plant
pollen
define sperm
male gamete
what is an embryo
new multicellular life form
define cross-pollination
when the pollen of one plant is carried to the stigma of another
what is the male part of the plant
stamen
where are ovules found
pistil
where are the FEMALE gametes of a plant
ovules
disadvantage of sexual reproduction
energy
how does pollination occur
when pollen is transferred from the anther of the stamen to the stigma of a pistil
disadvantage of asexual reproduction
no variation, no different adaptations
define cross-fertilization
when a grain of the transferred pollen produces a tube that goes down the style into the ovary
where is the female part of a plant
pistil
advantage of asexual reproduction
fast reproduction, many offsprings
advantage of sexual reproduction
variation, adaptation, survival
