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Biology 20-1 > Unit A Ecosystems And Energy Flow Within > Flashcards

Unit A Ecosystems And Energy Flow Within Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biology is..

A

The study of life

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2
Q

Ecology is

A

the study of the relationship between the living and non-living components of an environment

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3
Q

biotic means…

A

living components of an ecosystem

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4
Q

abiotic means…

A

non-living components of an ecosystem

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5
Q

an organism is…

A

an individual form of life

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6
Q

a species is

A

a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding

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7
Q

a population is

A

a group of organisms of the SAME SPECIES, occupying the SAME AREA, at the SAME TIME

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8
Q

a community is

A

formed by different populations of species interacting with one another

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9
Q

an ecosystem is

A

all of the living (biotic) components of a community, as well as the non-living (abiotic) components they interact with

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10
Q

the biosphere is

A

the narrow zone around earth that harbours life

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11
Q

Earth is a ___ system

A

Closed system

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12
Q

the Gaia hypothesis (1979) states…

A

The Earth is “alive” and self-regulating. Earth’s environment must be in a state of balance or equilibrium with many organisms

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13
Q

Dynamic equilibrium refers to

A

idea that there are constant changes occurring on Earth, but components will adjust to changes to maintain balance and not disrupt the entire system.

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14
Q

Biodiversity is…

A

the number of species in an ecosystem

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15
Q

extinct means…

A

A species that is not longer present on earth.

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16
Q

endangered means…

A

A species that is close to extinction.

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17
Q

extirpated means

A

A species that no longer lives in an area that it once lived in, but exists in other areas.

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18
Q

threatened means..

A

A species that is likely to become endangered if factors that make it vulnerable are not changed

19
Q

“Of special concern” means…

A

A species that is at risk because of low or declining numbers

20
Q

an Indicator Species is…

A

species that are sensitive to small changes in environmental conditions. They can indicate that a change has occurred in an environment

21
Q

energy from the sun enters the biosphere through…

A

living things

22
Q

all living things need ___ to carry out life processes

A

Energy

23
Q

organisms that can make and store their own food are called…

A

Autotrophs/Producers

24
Q

organisms that get their food from other living things are called

A

Heterotrophs/Consumers/Decomposers

25
Q

Autotrophs make ___ using ___

A

Organic molecules, using Simple Inorganic Molecules

26
Q

Organic molecules are the…

A

molecules of life - carbohydrates, proteins, lipids

27
Q

Inorganic molecules are

A

all other molecules (not organic)

28
Q

Most Autotrophs make their food through the process of…

A

Photosynthesis

29
Q

Consumers Gain their energy by…

A

Ingesting (eat) other living or recently living things and digest them internally

30
Q

Decomposers…

A

Consuming dead organisms or detritus (dead material from living organisms [eg. feces, dead leaves]). Return nutrients to soil and release energy to space.

31
Q

Herbivores (Primary Consumers) Eat…

A

Producers

32
Q

Carnivores eat…

A

other animals

33
Q

Secondary consumers eat…

A

Primary consumers

34
Q

tertiary consumers eat…

A

secondary consumers

35
Q

Omnivores Eat…

A

both plants and animals.

36
Q

Detrivore decomposers eats…

A

dead organic matter and digests it internally

37
Q

Saprotroph decomposers…

A

Live on or in dead organic matter by secreting digestive enzymes and absorbing the resulting products of digestion

38
Q

Original source for almost every food chain is…

A

the sun

39
Q

trophic levels count…

A

how many steps from the sun the organism is

40
Q

Energy in the biosphere is a balance between

A

Photosynthesis, Chemosynthesis, and cellular respiration

41
Q

DDT was

A

a type of pesticide used in the 1950s to control mosquitos

42
Q

the chemical formula for photosynthesis is

A

(C O2) + (H2 0) = (C6 H12 O6) + (O2)

43
Q

the chemical formula for chemosynthesis is

A

(C O2) + (H2 0) + (H2 S) + (O2) = (C H2 O) + (H2 SO4)

Biology 20-1 (6 decks)

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