Unit A: Ch.1 Flashcards
What is the requirement for all living things?
Energy
Why does every organism use cellular respiration?
To obtain energy from chemical compounds
e.g Plants, algae, moss and fungi use cell resp.
Autotroph
Fancy word for ‘‘producer’’ which is organisms that make things in nature.
What is the green pigment in a leaf called?
Cholorphyll
List all the compounds found in photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide, oxygen, water and glucose.
Chemosynthesis
The process by which non-photosynthetic organisms convert in-organic chemicals to organic compounds without solar energy.
What is the formula for Chemosynthesis?
Carbondioxde+Water+Hydrogen Sulfide–> Sugar+ Sulfur compounds
Or: 6CO2+6H20+ 3H2O–>C6H12O6+3H2SO4
What place do chemosynthetic creatures live?
hot or cold ocean, deep soil or hot springs.
What are some things living organisms need?
Shelter,Food,water, and oxygen
Albedo
The extent to which a surface can reflect light that strikes it.
i.e an albedo of 0.08 means 8% of the light is reflected.
Can life exist when there is no sun?
Yes, a small portion of microrganisms ca survive wiyhout sunlight using chemosynthesis(Using chemical compounds as opposed to sunlight).
Heterotroph
organisms that cannot make their own food
Decomposer
They break down dead organic matter
What are the levels of consumers?
1.Primary Consumer
2.Secondary Consumer
3.Tertiary Consumer
4.Decomposers
Primary consumer
Herbivores, they eat producers
Secondary consumer
(Carnivores) They eat herbivores
Tertiary consumer
feed on other carnviores
What kind of system is earth?
A closed system so is matter
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed only convertd into different forms of energy.
What is the second law of Thermodynamics?
Entropy of an isolated systen always increases
What is a definite rule about energy conversions?
Energy conversions are not 100% efficient, energy is almost lost as heat.
What are the consequences of the laws?
1.Lose energy, as it is passed along the food chain.
2.Limit the number of trophic levels to five or fewer
What are the three ecological pyramids?
1.Pyramid of numbers
2.Pyramids of biomass
3.Pyramid of energy
What is an inverted pyramid?
when a large number of primary consumers feed on a single consumer causing an imbalance.
Water is what kind of molecule?
Polar, this means it has a positive and negative end. This makes it able to dissolve and break things down.
Food web vs food chain
the food chain is a hierachy and is not as accurate, while the food web is more of a flow chart, everything is interconnected and is more accurate.
