Unit A: Ch.1

Question 1

What is the requirement for all living things?

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

Why does every organism use cellular respiration?

Answer 2

To obtain energy from chemical compounds
e.g Plants, algae, moss and fungi use cell resp.

Question 3

Autotroph

Answer 3

Fancy word for ‘‘producer’’ which is organisms that make things in nature.

Question 4

What is the green pigment in a leaf called?

Answer 4

Cholorphyll

Question 5

List all the compounds found in photosynthesis?

Answer 5

Carbon Dioxide, oxygen, water and glucose.

Question 6

Chemosynthesis

Answer 6

The process by which non-photosynthetic organisms convert in-organic chemicals to organic compounds without solar energy.

Question 7

What is the formula for Chemosynthesis?

Answer 7

Carbondioxde+Water+Hydrogen Sulfide–> Sugar+ Sulfur compounds

Or: 6CO2+6H20+ 3H2O–>C6H12O6+3H2SO4

Question 8

What place do chemosynthetic creatures live?

Answer 8

hot or cold ocean, deep soil or hot springs.

Question 9

What are some things living organisms need?

Answer 9

Shelter,Food,water, and oxygen

Question 10

Albedo

Answer 10

The extent to which a surface can reflect light that strikes it.
i.e an albedo of 0.08 means 8% of the light is reflected.

Question 11

Can life exist when there is no sun?

Answer 11

Yes, a small portion of microrganisms ca survive wiyhout sunlight using chemosynthesis(Using chemical compounds as opposed to sunlight).

Question 12

Heterotroph

Answer 12

organisms that cannot make their own food

Question 13

Decomposer

Answer 13

They break down dead organic matter

Question 14

What are the levels of consumers?

Answer 14

1.Primary Consumer
2.Secondary Consumer
3.Tertiary Consumer
4.Decomposers

Question 15

Primary consumer

Answer 15

Herbivores, they eat producers

Question 16

Secondary consumer

Answer 16

(Carnivores) They eat herbivores

Question 17

Tertiary consumer

Answer 17

feed on other carnviores

Question 18

What kind of system is earth?

Answer 18

A closed system so is matter

Question 19

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 19

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only convertd into different forms of energy.

Question 20

What is the second law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 20

Entropy of an isolated systen always increases

Question 21

What is a definite rule about energy conversions?

Answer 21

Energy conversions are not 100% efficient, energy is almost lost as heat.

Question 22

What are the consequences of the laws?

Answer 22

1.Lose energy, as it is passed along the food chain.
2.Limit the number of trophic levels to five or fewer

Question 22

What are the three ecological pyramids?

Answer 22

1.Pyramid of numbers
2.Pyramids of biomass
3.Pyramid of energy

Question 23

What is an inverted pyramid?

Answer 23

when a large number of primary consumers feed on a single consumer causing an imbalance.

Question 24

Water is what kind of molecule?

Answer 24

Polar, this means it has a positive and negative end. This makes it able to dissolve and break things down.

Question 25

Food web vs food chain

Answer 25

the food chain is a hierachy and is not as accurate, while the food web is more of a flow chart, everything is interconnected and is more accurate.