Unit 9.5 - Calls for Reforms and Responses

Question 1

Rights-based discourses challenged…

Answer 1

old assumptions about race, class, gender, and religion

Question 2

Programs/Statements (4) and their goals the UN created to promote human rights

Answer 2

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights defined the basic rights and freedoms “everyone is entitled to” regardless of any distinctions and the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund for children suffering a year after WWII. They also manage the International Court of Justice for border disputes and treaty violations and want to help refugees.

Question 3

Human Rights

Answer 3

Basic protections that are for all people

Question 4

Goals of Global Feminists during the 20th Century

Answer 4

After Donald Trump’s inauguration, women went on strike for women’s rights. Specifically outlined in the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, they obtained the right to vote, hold office, choose a spouse, and education and access to family planning resources and birth control

Question 5

Liberation Theology

Answer 5

The combination of socialism and Catholicism which interpreted Jesus’ teachings to free people from economic, political, and social abuse

Question 6

The region Liberation Theology had the greatest impact on

Answer 6

It had a great impact and success in Latin America, where in Nicaragua it helped establish a socialist government and in Venezuela, President Hugo was influenced and later of Pope Francis also promoted it.

Question 7

The Negritude Movement

Answer 7

A movement that emphasized pride in “blackness”, rejected French colonial authority, and the right to self-determination (with participants like poet Leopold Sedar Senghor of Senegal)

Question 8

In the terms of racial, gender, class, and ethnicity equality becoming more inclusive, what became more accessible?

Answer 8

Education and participation in politics

Question 9

Evidence of the U.S. being more inclusive

Answer 9

Through their Civil Rights and Voting Rights Acts, African Americans especially gained more freedom as both acts outlawed discrimination against anyone in all areas.

Question 10

Evidence of South Africa being more inclusive

Answer 10

After Nelson Mandela was freed from prison and Apartheid was outlawed thanks to President F. W. Klerk, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission helped create an atmosphere of peace and trust between all races in South Africa

Question 11

Evidence of India and the Caste Reservation System being more inclusive

Answer 11

The 1949 Constitution outlawed discrimination against Dalits (untouchables) and the Caste Reservation System set aside a certain percentage of jobs and enrollment into higher education aside for those of lower caste which had caused them to have an underprivileged life.

Question 12

How the African National Congress resisted Apartheid measures

Answer 12

Through peaceful protests, Nelson Mandela, and the eyes of the world on South Africa and the injustices they faced, the world called for the Africans to get more rights, as Desmond Tutu said

Question 13

Causes of the Tiananmen Square Protests

Answer 13

The Chinese Communist Party suppressed democratic rights to speech, press, and thought by censoring the news and controlling what was taught in first and secondary schools. They also held a monopoly over political power, meaning no other group stood a chance at taking over, international nongovernmental organizations for example had to undergo strict regulations if they wanted to operate.

Question 14

Effects of the Tiananmen Square Protests

Answer 14

Several hundred to a few thousand civilians died

Question 15

Groups of people (3) the Chinese Government persecuted/surpressed

Answer 15

The Tibetans, Uighur, and the Mongolians

Question 16

Similarities between the Green Belt Movement and Greenpeace Movement

Answer 16

Both are organizations devoted to helping the Earth

Question 17

Differences between the Green Belt and Greenpeace Movements

Answer 17

Greenpeace focuses on more environmental problems all around the world like deforestation, desertification, global warming, whaling, and overfishing using lobbying and education attempts while the Green Belt Movement works with African women not only to help the environment which had degraded due to colocalization but also to help them gain more participation in their own societies

Question 18

Wangari Maathai

Answer 18

Founder of the Green Belt Movement

Question 19

Organization created to counter the World Trade Organization and its core principles

Answer 19

The World Fair Trade Organization which wants its participants to follow the 10 principles of fair trade, such as no child/forced labor, no discriminating, good working conditions, respecting the environment, and fair pricing