Unit 9

Question 1

A core ethical principle that states that the behavior analyst accepts blame when necessary.

Answer 1

Accepting responsibility

Question 2

A core ethical principle that states that the behavior analyst must treat clients with respect and be aware that many clients are not able to effectively represent themselves.

Answer 2

According dignity

Question 3

A teaching procedure in which a trainer completes all but the last behavior in a chain, which is performed by the learner, who then receives reinforcement for completing the chain.

Answer 3

Backward training

Question 4

A backward chaining procedure in which some steps in the task analysis are skipped. It is used to increase the efficiency of teaching long behavior chains when there is evidence that the skipped steps are in the learner’s repertoire.

Answer 4

Backward chaining with leap-aheads

Question 5

A sequence of responses in which each response produces a stimulus change that functions as conditioned reinforcement for that response and as a discriminative stimulus for the next response in the chain.

Answer 5

Behavior chain

Question 6

An intervention that relies on the participant’s skill in performing the critical elements of a chain independently; the chain is interrupted occasionally so that another behavior can be emitted.

Answer 6

Behavior chain interruption strategy

Question 7

A contingency that specifies a time interval by which a behavior chain must be completed for reinforcement to be delivered.

Answer 7

Behavior chain with limited hold

Question 8

A core ethical principle that states that the behavior analyst should treat others as he or she would want to be treated.

Answer 8

Being just

Question 9

A core ethical principle that states that the behavior analyst must be loyal, trustworthy, and honest.

Answer 9

Being truthful

Question 10

A core ethical principle that states that the behavior analyst must be focused on the best interests of the client and not on his or her own agenda.

Answer 10

Benefiting others

Question 11

Various procedures for teaching behavior chains.

Answer 11

Chaining

Question 12

The pairing of a handheld device that makes a click sound with other forms of reinforcement so that the sound becomes a conditioned reinforcer.

Answer 12

Clicker training

Question 13

A procedure for transferring stimulus control in which features of an antecedent stimulus (controlling a behavior) are gradually changed to a new stimulus while maintaining the current behavior.

Answer 13

Fading

Question 14

A method for teaching behavior chains that begins with the learner being prompted and taught to perform the first behavior in the task analysis.

Answer 14

Forward chaining

Question 15

A behavior controlled by any physical movement that serves as a novel model excluding vocal-verbal behavior, has formal similarity with the model, and immediately follows the occurrence of the model.

Answer 15

Imitation

Question 16

A core ethical principle that states that the behavior analyst needs to stay current with new developments, updated rules and regulations, new research in the field, and workshop opportunities.

Answer 16

Pursuit of excellence

Question 17

A behavior change produced by differential reinforcement, resulting in the emergence of a new response class.

Answer 17

Response differentiation

Question 18

Using differential reinforcement to produce a series of gradually changing response classes; each response class is a successive approximation toward a terminal behavior.

Answer 18

Shaping

Question 19

When an antecedent stimulus has a history of evoking a response that has been reinforced in its presence, the same type of behavior tends to be evoked by stimuli that share similar physical properties with the controlling antecedent stimulus.

Answer 19

Stimulus generalization

Question 20

A stimulus that acquires its MO effectiveness by being paired with another MO and has the same value-altering and behavior-altering effects as the MO with which it was paired.

Answer 20

Surrogate conditioned motivating operation

Question 21

An environmental variable that, as a result of a learning history, establishes (or abolishes) the reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes (or abates) the behavior that has been reinforced by that other stimulus.

Answer 21

Transitive conditioned motivating operation

Question 22

A core ethical principle that states that the behavior analyst must exhibit genuine sympathy and concern.

Answer 22

Treating others with care and compassion

Question 23

The occurrence alone of a stimulus that acquired its function by being paired with an already effective stimulus, or the occurrence of the stimulus in the absence as well as in the presence of the effective stimulus.

Answer 23

Unpairing

Question 24

An alteration in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event as a result of a motivating operation.

Answer 24

Value-altering effect