Unit 9-Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards
complete metamorphosis
the immature is a larva then a pupae before becoming an adult.
incomplete metamorphosis
the immature is a nymph that looks similar to the adult.
Abiotic disorders
are noninfectious disorders caused by nutrient deficiencies, damage to plant parts, chemical injuries, pollution injuries, and environmental conditions. Symptoms are more
uniform and appear suddenly.
Biotic diseases
are caused by parasites or pathogens (organisms that cause disease) that are infectious and transmissible. Symptoms are random and gradual.
Fungi
are biotic life that lack chlorophyll, grow through thread-like tubular structures (hyphae), and reproduce through spores.
Bacteria
are one-celled microscopic organisms that may divide every 20-30 minutes.
viruses
typically consist of a core of DNA or RNA and a protein coat. Viruses are obligate parasites that get into the host cell and take over the machinery for producing viral DNA or RNA.
phytoplasmas
small parasitic organisms lacking constant shape and are intermediate in size between viruses and bacteria.
Describe ways to control vertebrates without chemicals.
You can destroy the animal’s habitat; capture the animal and move it to another location; use sound to scare animals away; and use fencing to keep the animals out.
Define integrated pest management (IPM)
a sustainable approach to manage pests by combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health and environmental risks.
Cultural control
is the practice of modifying the growing environment to reduce the prevalence of pests.
Biological control
uses living organisms such as predators, parasites, or microbial organisms to control pests.
Mechanical control
uses tools, equipment, or other physical means to control pests.
genetic control
uses plant breeding and genetic engineering to manipulate plants to make them more resistant to specific pests.
chemical control
uses a pesticide, which is a chemical used to control pests.
