Unit 8 : Transport Layer Flashcards
What is the transport layer responsible for?
- Logical communications between applications running on different hosts
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What information does Transport Layer adds? ( Responsibilities )
- Header Information
What does Transport Layer track? ( Responsibilities )
- Individual conversations
What does transport layer segment and reassembling ? ( 2 , Responsibilities )
- Data ( Segmenting )
- Segments ( Reassembling )
- User segmentation and multiplexing to enable different communication conversations to be interleaved on the same network
What will transport layer do on multiple conversations? ( 3 , Responsibilities )
- Identify
- Separate
- Manage
What does transport layer protocols specify? ( 2 )
- How to transfer between hosts
- Responsible for managing reliability requirements of a conversation
Transport Layer includes what protocols? ( 2 )
- TCP Protocols
- UDP Protocols
List out TCP basic operations ( 5 )
- Number and track data segments transmitted to a specific host from a specific application
- Acknoledge received data
- Retransmit any unacknowledged data after a certain amount of time
- Sequence data that might arrive in wrong order
- Send data at an efficient rate that is acceptable by the receiver
- Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP )
What is UDP is known for?
- Best-effort delivery protocol because there is no acknowledgement that that data is received at the destination
- It was an unreliable protocol because it has little overhead and data checking
- User Datagram Protocol ( UDP )
What applications uses UDP?
- Request-and-Reply applications
- Where data is minimal, and retransmission can be done quickly
When will TCP used?
- If it is important that all the data arrives and that it can be processed in its proper sequence, TCP is used as the transport protocol
What are the features for TCP? ( 4 )
- Establishes a Session
- Ensures Reliable Delievery
- Provides Same-Order Delivery
- Supports Flow Control
( Need add more )
What will TCP records? ( 2 )
- Which information it has sent
- Which information has been acknoledged
What is the 2 most important things in TCP and UDP header?
- Source Port
- Destination Port
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What is the features for UDP? ( 4 )
- Data is reconstructed in the order that it is received
- Any segments that are lost are not resent
- There is no session establishment
- The sending is not informed about resource availability
What application uses UDP? ( 3 )
- Live video and multimedia applications
- Simple request and reply applications
- Applications that handle reliability themselves
What does TCP and UDP transport layer protocols uses to manage multiple, simultaneous conversations?
- Port Numbers
What are placed within the segment?
- Source Ports
- Destination Ports
- They are then encapsulated within an IP packet
What is the name for the source IP address and source port number, or the destination IP address and destination port number?
- Socket
What does sockets enable?
- Enable multiple process, running on a client, to distinguish themselves from each other, and multiple connections toa server process to be distinguished from each other
What is the number range for well-known ports?
- 0 - 1023
- Reserved for common or popular services ( web-browser, remote access clients )
What is the number range for registered ports?
- 1024 - 49151
What is the number range for private and / or dynamic ports?
- 49152 - 65535
What port numbers are assigned by IANA?
- Registered ports
What port are also known as ephemeral ports?
- Private and / or Dynamic Ports
What is the Port Number for :
Protocol - TCP
Application - File Transfer Protocol ( FTP ) , Data
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