Unit 8: Sound Flashcards
A Man Escaped
Elements of a soundtrack
Spoken words
• Sound effects
• Music
• Silence
Spoken Words
- Dialogue and monologues
* Narration
Dialogue
- Text and subtext
- Volume
- Pitch
- Speech Characteristics
- Acoustic Qualities
- Voice Over
Sound Effects
- Sounds made by objects
* Sounds made by people (other than spoken words)
what do sound effects do
Define location
• Lend mood to an environment
• Portray the Environment’s Impact on Characters
Ambient Sound
•The sound atmosphere of a place that people tend not to notice.
Silence
No sound.
Sound Hierarchy
•The relative priority given to dialogue, effects, music in a given scene.
•In most cases, dialogue is considered the most important of these sounds and rests atop of the sound
hierarchy.
Dialogue Overlap
In editing a scene, arranging the cut so that a bit of dialogue coming from Shot A is heard under a
shot which shows another character or another element in the scene.
Overlapping Dialogue
Mixing two or more characters speech to imitate the rhythm of speech.
Diegetic Sound
•Any voice, musical passage, or sound effect presented as originating from a source within the film’s
world.
Nondiegetic Sound
Sound, such as mood music or a narrator’s commentary, represented as coming from a source
outside the space of the narrative.
Semi-diegetic sound
•sound that is neither strictly diegetic or non-diegetic.
Sound Perspective:
•The apparent location and distance of a sound source.
•Aural POV
-subjective sound from the perspective of the character.
On screen Sound
Sound that derives from an on-screen source such as someone viewers see and hear sneezing.
Off screen sound
Sound that does not derive from an on-screen source, such as an unseen dog barking or music that is
not made by anyone within the frame.
Synchronous sound
•Sound that is matched temporally with the movements occurring in the images, as when dialogue
corresponds to lip movements.
Asynchronous sound
Sound that is not matched temporally within the movements occurring in the image, as when
dialogue is out of synchronization with lip movements.
Simultaneous Sound
•sound takes place at the same time as the image in terms of the story events.
“mickey mousing”
Non Simultaneous Sound
•it is possible for the sound we hear to occur earlier or later in the story than the events which we see
in the image.
• for example, sonic flashback, we might see a character onscreen in the present but hear another
character’s voice from an earlier scene.
Voice-Off–
-A voice that originates from a speaker who can be inferred to be present in the scene but
show is no visible onscreen.
Voiceover:
A voice whose source is neither visible in the frame nor implied to be offscreen; it
typically narrates the film’s images such as in a flashback or in the commentary in a documentary
film.
internal diegetic sound
- comes from inside the mind of the character
* can not be heard by other characters
External diegetic sound
•has a physical source in the scene
Interior monologue
• one variation on the mental, subjective point of view of an individual character that allows us to see
a character and hear that character’s thoughts (in his or her won voice, even though the character’s
lips don’t move)
Hard Cut (Sound)`
A simple, direct cut from one shot or scene to the next in which a change in the soundtrack is as
abrupt as it is in the image track.
Sound Lag
Sound from one scene lingers over as we see images from the next.
Sound Advance
A type of sound bridge where we hear a sound before we see its associated image.
Sound Match
Sound belonging to one scene followed by a similar or identical sound belonging to the next scene.
Stinger
A sudden and sharp accent; most often applied to music (a loud chord or cymbal crash) but equally
appropriate to speech (a shout or loud cry) or effects (gun shot or door slamming).
Ritardando
A smooth and usually gradual slowing down of tempo.
Loudness
sounds we hear result from vibrations in the air
Pitch
the frequency of sound vibrations
Timbre
the harmonic component of soundto give it a certain color or tone quality
Foley process
creates noise tailored to each scene
Non-simultaneous
Sound from earlier in
story than image
Sound flashback
Sound marked as past put
over images
Image flashforward
Sound marked as past put over images (e.g. sound of a Pierre Trudeau speech put over images of Canada today
Simultaneous
Image and sound
take place at same
time
Non-simultaneous
Sound from later in
story than image
Sound flashforward;
image flashback with
sound continuing in the
present; character
narrating earlier events
