Unit 8 Lesson 9 (Semester B)

Question 1

acrosome

Answer 1

the cap on the head of the sperm that is filled with lysosomal enzymes that facilitate fertilization of the oocyte

Question 2

amniocentesis

Answer 2

procedure that involves a physician putting a needle into the abdomen of the mother and crossing into the fetus’s amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid where the DNA of the unborn child is printed as a karyotype

Question 3

corpus luteum

Answer 3

a portion of a follicle that remains in the ovary, becomes larger, and secretes estrogen and progesterone

Question 4

dominant gene

Answer 4

a gene whose effects are capable of masking the effects of a recessive gene for the same trait

Question 5

ejaculation reflex

Answer 5

a reflex response initiated by the same signals as the erection reflex but can be accompanied by increased heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, and with the activation of this reflex the blood vessels dilate and intense sexual excitement occurs

Question 6

emission reflex

Answer 6

involves the movement of the sperm and surrounding semen from the accessory glands to the urethra

Question 7

epididymis

Answer 7

tightly coiled tube that is attached to each of the testes

Question 8

erection reflex

Answer 8

comes from the parasympathetic nervous system and can be activated through anticipation, memory, or the result of stimulation from the touch receptors on the skin in the genital area

Question 9

flagellum

Answer 9

tail of the sperm

Question 10

gamete

Answer 10

a specialized sex cell that carries 23 chromosomes

Question 11

genome

Answer 11

entire collection of genetic material in each cell of the human body

Question 12

karyotype

Answer 12

unique way that a person’s chromosomes are organized

Question 13

ovulation

Answer 13

when mature follicles are released from the ovaries

Question 14

phenotype

Answer 14

an individual’s complete genetic makeup, expressed in behavioral, physical, and biochemical ways

Question 15

recessive gene

Answer 15

gene whose effects can be masked by a dominant gene

Question 16

semen

Answer 16

thick, milky fluid that is ejaculated via the ejaculatory ducts that pass through the prostate gland to the end of the urethra after the ejaculation reflex has been activated

Question 17

sex chromosome

Answer 17

chromosome (either X or Y) transferred from parent cells to zygote; each zygote has 2 sex chromosomes

Question 18

vas defrens

Answer 18

thick muscular tube that combines with blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue to form the spermatic cord

Question 19

vasectomy

Answer 19

surgical procedure that severs or ties off the vas deferens to sterilize a male

Question 20

zygote

Answer 20

two combined sex cells