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Biology > Unit 8 > Flashcards

Unit 8 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a Virus?

A

A virus is composed of nucleus acid enclosed in a protein coat and are smaller than bacterium.

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2
Q

What is a Host Cell?

A

A Host Cell is the Cell that the virus replicates in.

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3
Q

What is a Bacteriophage?

A

A Bacteriophage is the virus that infects the bacterium.

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4
Q

What is a Capsid?

A

Outer protein of a virus

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5
Q

What is replication?

A

How virus’s reproduce

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6
Q

What is a provirus?

A

Viral DNA that is integrated into the host cells chromosome

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7
Q

What is a retrovirus

A

RNA virus with most complex replication system

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8
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

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9
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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10
Q

Chemosynthesis

A

Making food by using ocean chemicals

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11
Q

Binary Fission

A

Asexual reproduction of monera

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12
Q

Conjugation

A

Bacteria’s mix, making new strains

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13
Q

Obligate Aerobe

A

Bacteria that require oxygen for replication

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14
Q

Obligate Anaerobes

A

Bacteria killed by oxygen

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15
Q

Endospores

A

Tiny, contains bacteria’s DNA, thick covering

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16
Q

Nitrogen fixiation

A

Converting N2 into ammonia

17
Q

Why are viruses not considered to be living?

A

Acellular

DNA or RNA but never both

Needs host Cell to replicate

18
Q

What happens to provirus after Cell division?

A

It is replicated

19
Q

Tobacco mosaic Virus

A

Yellow spots on tobacco plants

20
Q

Rembrandt Tulips

A

Causes stripes on tulips

21
Q

What are the five main characteristics of kingdom monera?

A

Prokaryotic

Unicellular

Motile/Sessile

Autotroph/Heterotroph

Cell wall (Capsule)

22
Q

What two kingdoms is monera split into?

A

Eubacteria and Archeabacteria

23
Q

Three habitats of extremists (archeabacteria)

A

Acidophiles (acidic)

Thermophiles (hot ocean beds)

Halophiles (salty)

24
Q

Three groups of eubacteria

A

Heterotrophs

Autotrophs

Chemotrophs

25
Q

What shape is coccus

A

Sphere

26
Q

What shape is bacillus

A

Rod

27
Q

What shape is spirilum

A

Spiral

28
Q

What are the three shapes of bacteria

A

Coccus, bacillus, spirillum

29
Q

What are the 3 formations of bacteria

A

Diplo

Strepto

Staphylo

30
Q

What is diplo

A

2

31
Q

What is strepto

A

A line

32
Q

What is staphylo

A

A group

33
Q

When writing bacteria how does it go

A

Formation-shape

34
Q

What is the result of binary fission?

A

Splits into 2

35
Q

How long does it take bacteria to reproduce?

A

20 minutes

36
Q

What causes the rate of bacteria to slow down?

A

Not ideal growing conditions

Run out of nutrients and water

Poison themselves

Predators eat them

37
Q

Nitrogen fixation

A

Converting nitrogen to ammonia

Only bacteria can preform this chemical changes

38
Q

How does bacteria recycle nutrients

A

Passed from one heterotroph to the next. In the process of making food, many autotrophs replenish supply of oxygen in atmosphere.

Biology (9 decks)

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