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CPH > UNIT 8 > Flashcards

UNIT 8 Flashcards

1
Q

It is the study of the distribution and
determinants of health-related states or
events in specified populations, and the
application of this study to the prevention and
control of health problems.

A

EPIDEMIOLOGY

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2
Q

EPI

A

UPON

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3
Q

DEMOS

A

PEOPLE

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4
Q

LOGOS

A

STUDY

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5
Q

Includes surveillance, observation,
hypothesis testing, analytic research,
and experiments

A

Study

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6
Q

Refers to analysis by time, places, and classes of people affected

A

Distribution

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7
Q

Include all the biological, chemical,
physical, social, cultural, economic,
genetic, and behavioral factors that
influence health

A

Determinants

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8
Q

Refer to diseases, causes of death, behaviors
such as the use of tobacco, positive health
states, reactions to preventive regimens and,
provision and use of health services

A

Health-related
states or events

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9
Q

Include those with identifiable
characteristics such as occupational groups

A

Specified
populations

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10
Q

The aim of PH – to promote, protect, and
restore good health

A

Application to
prevention and
control

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11
Q

EPIDEMIOLOGY Makes use of concepts and methods from fields of :

A

Biology
Sociology
Demography
Geography
Environmental science
Policy analysis
Statistics

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12
Q

people afflicted with a disease

A

Cases

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13
Q

an unexpectedly large number of cases of
disease in a particular population; disease
occurrence in excess of normal expectancy

A

Epidemic

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14
Q

a disease that occurs regularly in a population as a matter of course; normally prevails in the community

A

Endemic

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15
Q

persistent, high levels of disease
occurrence

A

Hyperendemic

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16
Q

an outbreak of disease over a wide
geographical area such as a continent

A

Pandemic

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17
Q

few scattered cases

A

Sporadic Disease

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18
Q

An abnormal condition of an organism or
part, especially as a consequence of an
infection, inherent weakness or
environment stress, that impairs
physiological functioning.

A

DISEASE

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19
Q

is a physiological or psychological dysfunction

A

DISEASE

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20
Q

a subjective state of the person who feels aware of not being well

A

ILLNESS

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21
Q

a state of social dysfunction , i.e. a
role that the individual assumes
when ill

A

SICKNESS

22
Q

A catch-all term for agents, interventions,
conditions, policies, and anything that might
affect health

A

EXPOSURE

23
Q

Components of Epidemiology

A
  • Studies of disease frequency
  • Studies of disease distribution
  • Studies of determinants of disease
24
Q

Measurement of frequency of disease,
disability, death

A

Studies of disease frequency

25
Q

Characterize who, where, or when in relation to
what (outcome)

A

Studies of the disease distribution

26
Q
  • Test hypothesis
  • Answer why and how
A

Studies of determinants of disease

27
Q

Studies of determinants of disease

A
  1. To trace the source of epidemic
  2. Limit the spread
  3. Institute control measures
  4. Prevent similar occurrence in the future
28
Q

ULTIMATE CONCERN OF

EPIDEMIOLOGY

A
  1. Prevention of diseases
  2. Maintenance of health
29
Q

PH IMPORTANCE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY

A

It provides framework for different
approaches for control measures.

30
Q

Epidemiology is often used to describe the
health status of the population through
estimation of

A

health indicators.

31
Q

are quantitative
measures that describe and summarize
various aspects of the health status of the
population.

A

Health indicators

32
Q

Types of Health Indicators:

A
  • Health status indicators (Morbidity/Mortality)
  • Population indicators
  • Indicators for the provision of health care
  • Risk reduction indicators
  • Social and economic indicators
  • Environmental indicators
  • Disability indicators
  • Health policy indicators
33
Q

STAGES IN THE NATURAL HISTORY OF
DISEASE AND THE LEVELS OF PREVENTION

A

Stage of susceptibility (Prepathogenesis stage)
Stage of subclinical disease
Stage of clinical disease
Stage of Recovery, Disability or Death

34
Q

The person is not yet sick but may be exposed
to the risk factors of the disease

A

Stage of susceptibility (Prepathogenesis stage)

35
Q

The person is still apparently healthy since
clinical manifestations of the disease are not
yet shown, although pathologic changes have
already occurred.

A

Stage of subclinical disease

36
Q

The patient now manifests recognizable signs
and symptoms, for example, vaginal bleeding.

A

Stage of clinical disease

37
Q

The patient either recovers completely from
the disease, becomes a chronic case, with, or
without disability, or dies.

A

Stage of Recovery, Disability or Death

38
Q
  • “What factors contribute to disease
    causation?”
  • “Why does disease occur?”
A

DETERMINATION OF DISEASE CAUSATION

39
Q

MODELS OF DISEASE CAUSATION

A

A. Epidemiologic triad or triangle model
B. Multi-causation disease model

40
Q

or microbe that causes the disease (“what”)

A

AGENT

41
Q

organism (human/animals) harboring the

disease (“who”)

A

HOST

42
Q

or those external factors that cause or

allow disease transmission(“where”)

A

ENVIRONMENT

43
Q

the planning for and taking of
action to forestall the onset of a disease or
other health problem

A

Prevention

44
Q

efforts to control a disease in
progress

A

Intervention

45
Q

the limiting of transmission of a
communicable disease in a population

A

Control

46
Q

the complete elimination or
uprooting of a disease

A

Eradication

47
Q

the occurrence of cases of disease in excess of
what would normally be expected in a defined
community, geographical area or season

A

Disease outbreak

48
Q

is an ongoing activity during the program
implementation to assess the current status of
its implementation in terms of compliance to
the design of the program, timeliness, and
attainment of goals

A

Monitoring

49
Q

is a process that systematically and
objectively assesses compliance to the
design of the program, the performance,
the relevance and success of a project, that
is, the extent to which a project
accomplishes its goals and achieves
measurable impacts.

A

Evaluation

50
Q

diko alam iflash card, basta ano difference ng epidemiologist sa physician

A

community tas patient

CPH (10 decks)

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