Unit 7a Vocab

Question 1

Progressive Era

Answer 1

An era in the US(1900-1917) in which important movements challenged traditional relationships and attitudes

Question 2

Prohibition

Answer 2

A ban on the production, sale, and consumption of liquor, achieved temporarily through state laws and the 18th Amendment

Question 3

Initiative

Answer 3

Procedure by which citizens can introduce a subject for legislation, usually through a petition signed by a specific number of voters

Question 4

Referendum

Answer 4

Submission of a law, proposed or already in effect, to a direct popular vote for approval or rejection

Question 5

Recall

Answer 5

The process of removing an official from office by popular vote, usually after using petitions to call for such a vote

Question 6

Muckraking

Answer 6

Journalism exposing economic, social, and political evils, so named by Theodore Roosevelt for its “taking the muck” of American Society

Question 7

Company Towns

Answer 7

structures built around big business facilities that provided everything for it at a high cost, keeping the town perpetually at serfdom

Question 8

Niagara Movement

Answer 8

African American group organized in 1905 to promote racial integration, civil and political rights, and equal access to economic opportunity

Question 9

NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

Answer 9

created in 1909 by group of liberals to eliminate racial discrimination

Question 10

Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer 10

the first federal antitrust measure, passed in 1890; sought to promote economic competition by prohibition business combinations in restraint of trade or commerce

Question 11

Hepburn Act

Answer 11

Act that strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) by authorizing it to set maximum railroad rates and inspect financial records.

Question 12

Food and Drug Act

Answer 12

Act that established the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which tested and approved drugs before they went on the market

Question 13

White Man’s Burden

Answer 13

poem by Rudyard Kipling commenting on American imperialism

Question 14

New freedom

Answer 14

Wilson’s 1912 program for a limited government intervention in the economy to restore competition by curtailing the restrictive influences of trusts and protective tariffs, providing opportunities for individual achievement

Question 15

16th amendment

Answer 15

authorized federal income tax

Question 16

Federal Reserve Act

Answer 16

law revised banking and currency by extending limited government regulation through creation of Federal Reserve System

Question 17

Clayton antitrust act of 1914

Answer 17

replaced Sherman act of 1890 as nation’s basic antitrust law. It exempted unions from being construed as illegal combinations in restraint of trade, and band federal courts from issuing injunctions against strikers

Question 18

Federal Trade Commission

Answer 18

to provide regulatory oversight of business activity

Question 19

Roosevelt corollary

Answer 19

Roosevelt’s policy asserting US authority to intervene in affairs of Latin American nations (from the Monroe Doctrine)

Question 20

yellow press

Answer 20

created by Pulitzer and Hearst, describing foreign exploits as being adventures

Question 21

Open door

Answer 21

American policy of seeking equal trade and investment opportunities in foreign nations or regions

Question 22

militarism

Answer 22

seeing military might as most important and best tool for the expansion of a nation’s power and prestige

Question 23

imperialism

Answer 23

exploiting nations and people for benefit of an imperial power either directly through military occupation and colonial rule or indirectly through economic domination of resources and markets

Question 24

allies

Answer 24

(World War I) Britain, France, Russia, and others against the Central Powers but not the United States

Question 25

Committee on public information

Answer 25

Government agency in World War I that sought to shape public opinion in support of the war effort through newspapers, pamphlets, speeches, films, etc.

Question 26

selective service act

Answer 26

military draft for World War I

Question 27

war industries Board

Answer 27

Federal agency that reorganized industry for maximum efficiency and productivity during World War I

Question 28

Liberty bonds

Answer 28

interest-bearing certificates sold by the US government to finance the American World War I effort

Question 29

espionage act

Answer 29

vague prohibition against obstructing the nation’s war effort was used to crush dissent and criticism during World War I

Question 30

sedition act

Answer 30

restricting criticism of America’s involvement in World War I or its government, flag, military, taxes, or officials

Question 31

Great migration

Answer 31

mass movement of African-Americans from rule south to urban North, spurred by job opportunities during World War I and the 1920s

Question 32

League of Nations

Answer 32

International organization created by the Versailles Treaty after World War I to ensure world stability

Question 33

Central Powers

Answer 33

Germany, Austria, Italy, turkey, Bulgaria (World War I)