Unit 6 Vocab

Question 1

Treaty of Fort Laramie

Answer 1

the treaty acknowledging US defeat in the Great Sioux War in 1868 and supposedly guaranteeing the Sioux perpetual land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana.

Question 2

Edmunds-Tucker Act

Answer 2

1887 act which destroyed the temporal power of the Mormon church by confiscating all assets over $50,000 and establishing a federal commission to oversee all elections in the Utah territory

Question 3

Lynching

Answer 3

execution, usually by a mob, without trial

Question 4

Homestead Act of 1862

Answer 4

law passed by Congress in May 1862 providing homesteads with 160 acres of free land in exchange for improving the land within five years of the grant

Question 5

Morrill Act of 1862

Answer 5

act by which “land-grant” colleges acquired space for campuses in return for promising to institute agricultural programs

Question 6

Forest Management Act

Answer 6

1897 act which, along with the National Reclamation Act, set the federal government on the path of large-scale regulatory activities

Question 7

Omaha Act of 1882

Answer 7

acts which allow the establishment of individual title to tribal lands

Question 8

Dawes Severalty Act

Answer 8

1887 law terminating tribal ownership of land and allotting some parcels of land to individual Indians with the remainder opened for white settlement

Question 9

Vertical Integration

Answer 9

The consolidation of numerous production functions, from the extraction of the raw materials to the distribution and marketing of the finished products, under the direction of one firm

Question 10

Horizontal Combination

Answer 10

The merger of competitors in the same industry

Question 11

Chinese Exculsion Act

Answer 11

act that suspended Chinese immigration, limited the civil rights of resident Chinese, and forbade their naturalization

Question 12

Knights of Labor

Answer 12

Labor union founded in 1869 that included skilled and unskilled workers irrespective of race or gender

Question 13

American Federation of Labor

Answer 13

Union formed in 1886 that organized skilled workers along craft lines and emphasized a few workplace issues rather than a broad social program

Question 14

Tenements

Answer 14

4 to 6 story residential dwellings, once common in New York, built on tiny lots without regard to providing ventilation or light

Question 15

Gilded Age

Answer 15

term applied to late 19th century America that refers to the shallow display and worship a wealth characteristic of that period

Question 16

Women’s Educational and Industrial Union

Answer 16

Boston organization offering classes to wage-earning women

Question 17

Interstate Commerce Commission

Answer 17

1887 law that expanded federal power over business by prohibiting pooling and discriminatory rates by railroads and establishing the first federal regulatory agency, the interstate commerce commission

Question 18

Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act

Answer 18

A law of 1883 that reforms the spoils system by prohibiting government workers from making political contributions and creating the civil service commission to oversee their appointment on the basis of merit rather than politics

Question 19

Populist Movement

Answer 19

a major third party of the 1890s formed on the basis of the Southern Farmers alliance and other reform organizations

Question 20

Grange

Answer 20

The National Grange of patrons of husbandry, a national organization the farm owners forms after the Civil War

Question 21

Farmer’s Alliance

Answer 21

A broad mass movement in the rural south anthe west during the late 19th century, encompassing several organizations in demanding economic and political reforms

Question 22

Great Uprising

Answer 22

unsuccessful railroad strike of 1877 to protest to wage cuts and they use a federal troops again strikers; the first nationwide a work stoppage in America good history

Question 23

Women’s Christian Temperance Movement

Answer 23

women’s organization whose members visited schools to educate children about the evils of alcohol, addressed prisoners, and blanketed men’s meetings with literature

Question 24

National American Women’s Suffrage Association

Answer 24

The organization, formed in 1890, according to the ultimately successful campaign to achieve women’s right to vote

Question 25

Free Silver

Answer 25

philosophy that the government should expand the money supply paper by purchasing and coining all the silver offer to it

Question 26

Sherman Silver Purchase Act

Answer 26

1890 act which directed the Treasury to increase the amount of currency coined from silver mined in the west and also permitted the US government to print paper currency backed by the silver

Question 27

Nativism

Answer 27

favoring the interests and culture of native-born inhabitants over those of immigrants

Question 28

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 28

Segregation laws the became widespread in the South and during 1890s

Question 29

Segregation

Answer 29

A system of racial control that separate the races, initially by custom but increasingly by law during and after Reconstruction

Question 30

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 30

Supreme Court decision holding that Louisiana’s railroad segregation law did not violate the Constitution as long as the railroads or the state provided equal accommodations

Question 31

Grandfather Clauses

Answer 31

rules that required potential voters to demonstrate that their grandfathers have been eligible to vote; Used in some southern states after 1890 to limit the black electorate

Question 32

Sand Creek Massacre

Answer 32

The near Annihilation in 1864 of Black Kettle’s Cheyenne band By Colorado troops under Colonel John Chivington’s order to “kill and scalp all, big and little.”