Unit 7 and 8

Question 1

This class of hydrocarbon is a series of linear or branched chain of hydrogen and carbon
A. Naphthalene 
B. Aromatic 
C. Olefins 
D. Paraffins

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which has a lower boiling point? 
A. Naphthalene 
B. Aromatic 
C. Olefins 
D. Paraffins

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Name the main hydrocarbons typically found in crude oil

Answer 3

Alkanes (paraffins)
cycloalkanes (Naphthanes)
Aromatics

Question 4

What kind of raw material and energy resources are used in refinery operations

Answer 4

raw crude oil

Question 5

what are the end products of refinery operations

Answer 5

Naphtha
Gasoline
diesel
asphalt
kerosene
LPG

Question 6

name 5 general steps in refining crude oil

Answer 6

1. Fraction Distillation
2. Conversion
3. Treatment
4. Formulating and Blending
5. Other

Question 7

the heavy residuals collected at the bottom of a vacuu,m tower is sent to the?

Answer 7

coker

Question 8

What is crude oil

Answer 8

Mixture of many hydrocarbons with a smaller quanity of impurities

Question 9

What are crude oil components

Answer 9

Carbon 
Hydrogen
Sulphur
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Metals
Salts

Question 10

What are crude oil impurities

Answer 10

Sulphur
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Metals
Salts

Question 11

Which hydrocarbon is most/least desirable?

Answer 11

Most Alkane (paraffin)
Least Aromatics (soot)

Question 12

high crude API gravity indicates _____ density and _____ value

Answer 12

low

high

Question 13

How does consumer demand effect the value of crude oil?

Answer 13

more demand, less available, cost more/more value

Question 14

Canada is a _____ exporter of refined pertro products

Answer 14

NET

Question 15

How many refineries in Canada and capacity

Answer 15

15

2million barrels a day

Question 16

what is purpose of trays in fraction towers

Answer 16

separation, condensation and collection of purify liquid

Question 17

Petroleum gasses are collected from top or bottom of atmospheric towers

Answer 17

Top

Question 18

What is cracking? Name two types

Answer 18

Thermal

Catalyic

Question 19

What is Petro Coke?

Answer 19

residue left from coking bottoms

Question 20

Name two products produced from reforming?

Answer 20

High octane liquid products -> high octane petro

Aromatic compounds -> plastics

Question 21

3 environmental concerns of refining

Answer 21

non-renewable
air pollution
waste water
water contamination
risk of explosion and fire
noise health

Question 22

How many refineries in Canada and capacity

Answer 22

15

2 million barrels a day

Question 23

Hydrocarbons are classified based on their _____

Answer 23

Chemical Structure

Question 24

% carbon in crude

Answer 24

84%

Question 25

Where are impurities of crude oil removed from

Answer 25

Refining process

Question 26

Desired components of crude oil

Answer 26

Alkanes (Paraffins)

Question 27

Simple highdrocarbons are on the ____ end

Answer 27

light

Question 28

Complex hydrocarbons are on the _____ end

Answer 28

heavy

Question 29

API of light crude

Answer 29

>30

Question 30

API of medium crude

Answer 30

22-30

Question 31

API of heavy crude

Answer 31

10-22

Question 32

API of extra heavy crude

Answer 32

<10

Question 33

Non-hydrocarbons found in crude

Answer 33

Suphur, o2, Nitrogen, metals, salts, CO2, Naphthenic Acids

Question 34

API

Answer 34

America Petroleum Institute

Question 35

API of water

Answer 35

10 | if crude is <10 it is heavier than water

Question 36

<0.5% sulphur content crude

Answer 36

Sweet

Question 37

>0.5% Sulphur Content crude

Answer 37

Sour (regulatory drivers for additional processing)

Question 38

TAN

Answer 38

Total Acid Number

Question 39

High Acidic crude = TAN of

Answer 39

>0.7

Question 40

High acidic crude is highly _______ to equipment

Answer 40

corrosive

Question 41

Quality and Value of crude depends on (2)

Answer 41

1. Composition | 2. Consumer demand

Question 42

Consumer highest demand for _____

Answer 42

gasoline

Question 43

Refining adjust molecules, reshape and remove impurities for? (2)

Answer 43

1. end use performance | 2. environmental performance

Question 44

Hydrocarbons are converted to fractions AKA: | via?

Answer 44

CUTS | Fractionation

Question 45

Fractions are further processed to produce ________ | via?

Answer 45

Specialized products Conversion and reforming

Question 46

Refining is the same at ever refinery> T/F

Answer 46

False

Question 47

1st step of refining?

Answer 47

fractioning