Unit 7 Flashcards

1
Q

An estimate of how many children in the United States are involved in sports

A

45 million

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2
Q

Peak participation occurs between the ages of how old

A

10 and 13 years old

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3
Q

What are the different reasons for children participating in sports

A

Have fun, improve skills, get exercise, be with and make new friends, and compete

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4
Q

Spending time together

A

Companionship

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5
Q

Enjoying being around ones friends

A

Pleasant play association

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6
Q

Having friends say things or take actions that boost ones self esteem

A

Enhancement of self esteem

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7
Q

Providing assistance in learning sport skills as well as general assistance, such as in school

A

Help and guidance

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8
Q

Saying and doing things that conform to social convention, such as sharing or not saying negative things

A

Pro social behavior

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9
Q

Mutual feelings of close, personal bonds

A

Intimacy

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10
Q

Expressing feelings of concern for one another; absence of conflicts

A

Emotional support

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11
Q

Ability of friends to resolve conflicts

A

Conflict resolution

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12
Q

Positive characteristics such as personality or physical features

A

Attractive personal qualities

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13
Q

The best sports situation for kids

Children experience more state anxiety after losing than after winning.

A

Defeat versus victory

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14
Q

The best sports situations for kids.

The more importance is placed on a contest, the more state anxiety is experienced by participants

A

Event importance

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15
Q

The best sports situation for kids.

Children in individual sports experience more state anxiety than children in team sports

A

Sport type

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16
Q

What can coaches do dealing with sports situations with kids?

A
  • give praise sincerely
  • be enthusiastic
  • develop realistic expectations
  • reads correct technique not just outcome
17
Q

What can parents do ?

A
  • encourage your children to play sports, but don’t pressure them
  • understand what our child wants from sport and provide a supportive atmosphere
  • set limits on your child’s participation in sport
  • help your child set realistic performance goals
  • help your child meet his or her responsibilities to the team and coach
18
Q

What is aggression ?

A

Any form of behavior directed toward the goal of harming or injuring another living being

19
Q

What are the causes of aggression ?

A
  • Instinct theory: an instinct to be aggressive that builds up until expressed
  • social learning theory: aggression learned through observing others
  • frustration aggression hypothesis: result of frustration because of goal blockage or failure
  • revised frustration aggression theory: combines elements of frustration, aggression theory with social learning theory.
20
Q

Many athletes view aggression as inappropriate in general but appropriate in sport environment this is called bracketed morality

A

Game reasoning and aggression

21
Q

Evidence and amassing to show that aggressive play is related to athletic injuries

A

Aggression and athletic injuries

22
Q

Professionals must decide if they value enhanced performance as the cost of increased aggression

A

Athletic performance and aggression

23
Q

Team norms also contribute to the moral atmosphere that influences aggression in athletes as well as coach and peer influences

A

Team Moral atmosphere and aggression

24
Q

Sport specific aggression determinants include athletes behaving aggressively because

A

Someone has committed aggression against them and they want to show how tough they are

25
Q

Males exhibit high frequencies of aggression when compared to females

A

Gender differences

26
Q

Chinese athletes ruminated more about the aggression, suggesting that members of a collectivist culture are less likely to accept aggression as a means of global achievement

A

Cultural differences

27
Q

Spectator aggression is associated with

A

Aroused conditions, alcohol use

28
Q

Character and good sporting behavior fall within the general area of morality in sport
(True/False)

A

True

29
Q

Three components of Morality in sport

A
  • Good sporting behavior
  • Character involves four interrelated virtues: compassion, fairness, good sporting behavior, and integrity
  • fair play
30
Q

Learning by watching what other do or do not do

A

Modeling or observational learning

31
Q

Being reinforced or penalized for ones actions

A

Reinforcement

32
Q

Exhibiting behaviors in an effort to fit in with ones peer or comparison group

A

Social comparison

33
Q

Do sport and physical education enhance character development ?

A

Character is taught in sport, exercise, and physical activity settings
Teaching character involves systematic use of strategies

34
Q

Participants in organized sports are less likely than non participants to engage in delinquent behavior
(True/False)

A

True

35
Q

4 explanations for the sport participation and delinquency

A

Differential association: sport keeps kids of the street because they have less interaction with delinquent others
Social bonding: children who participate in sport develop attachments with significant others
Labeling hypothesis: being labeled as an athlete leads to special treatment, while being labeling a delinquent leads to a negative self fulfilling prophecy
Economic strain: allows young kids to gain prestige and status and reduce strain between their dreams

36
Q

Sport can serve as a deterrent for gang behavior by increasing self esteem, providing an important source of identity, lending social support, and giving participants positive role models
(True/False)

A

True

37
Q

Sport deters gang behavior only if programs are properly run, organized, and implemented
(True/False)

A

True