Unit 7 Flashcards
Name two factors that plants often compete with each other for
Sunlight and space
What is a relationship called where each species depends on other species
Interdependent
What is meant by the term stable community
A community with all species and environmental factors are in balance
The population size remains constant
What abiotic Factor could affect the distribution of animals living in aquatic areas
Oxygen levels
Suggest two abiotic factors that could affect the distribution of plants growing in soil
Moisture level and soil pH
Name one group of organisms that can live in deep sea vents where temperatures are very high
Bacteria
Suggest how having spines instead of leaves allows cacti to live in desert conditions
It reduces water loss
Suggest how having a swollen storage stem allow cacti to live in desert conditions
It helps store water
What is a functional adaptation
An adaptation that helps an organism Survive by carrying out normal functions
How does a producer produce biomass for the rest of the food chain(3)
They produce glucose by carrying out photosynthesis. It then uses glucose to make biological molecules that make up the plant biomass.
Why is it important that quadrats are placed randomly in a field
It avoids the data being biased
Describe the importance of Decay in the carbon cycle
Carbon dioxide is return back to the atmosphere when the microorganisms involved in decay respire
Why is a biomass generators built Underground
To regulate temperature and ensure it stays cool
What do gardeners use compost for
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Fertiliser
Describe three conditions that gardeners should use to produce compost quickly
It should be warm with the water available and lots of oxygen
Define biodiversity
The variety of different species of organisms on Earth or within an ecosystem
State two reasons why humans are using more resources
A rising population
The standard of living is increasing
State two ways water can become polluted
Sewage and pesticides
State two substances that pollute the air when they are released into the atmosphere
Smoke and acidic gases
Give two reasons why using a herbicide can reduce biodiversity
It reduces the variety of plants on the land by Killing the weeds and it may kill plants and animals if it’s washed into nearby water
Explain why a high biodiversity create a stable ecosystem
Because all the different species in the ecosystem depend on each other. Species can also help to maintain the right physical environment for each other
Suggest why global warming might cause land to become flooded
Higher temperatures can cause seawater to expand with good causes sea level to rise above low lying land
Suggest two consequences of global warming
Reduce biodiversity
Changes to the migration patterns of some animals
How do humans reduce the amount of land available for other plants and animals
Building and farming
Why are peat bogs destroyed by humans
Peat can be burnt as fuel in used as a fertiliser
Explain what problem burning peak cankles
It releases carbon dioxide which contribute towards global warming
Explain the effect that the destruction of peat bogs has on biodiversity
It reduces biodiversity because it destroys habitat or reduces the area of habitat
Explain why is large scale Deforestation has been required to produce biofuels
To clear land to grow their crops needed to produce biofuels
State two reasons for large scale deforestation
To provide land for cattle and provide land to grow crops
Suggest and explain two harmful effects on the environment caused by the destruction of trees
Increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere because carbon there released by burning wood
It leads to a reduction in biodiversity because tree habitats are destroyed
The government encourages people to recycle as much of their waste as possible. Suggest how this could help protect ecosystems.
This can reduce amount of land taken over for landfill, leaving systems in place
Suggest what effect monoculture have on biodiversity
It reduces biodiversity because the habitat can’t support a wide range of organisms
Explain why farmers who grow crops using monoculture may be advised to leave strips of grasslands and plant hedgerows around the edge of the crop
To increase the biodiversity of land by improving habitats and food sources
Suggest why some people might be opposed to programs that maintain biodiversity
It cost money to protect biodiversity and some People may feel that money should be spent on other things
Some people may want to kill organisms that are regarded as pests to protect crops and livestock
Some people may want to use lamb for new housing agriculture
What is an apex predator
A carnivore that has no predators
What is the role of decomposers in ecosystems
Decomposers break down and recycle any dead plant or animal material in the environment. They do this by secreting enzymes which break down the dead material into small soluble molecules. They take up these molecules by diffusion
Why are there usually only 4 or 5 trophic levels in a food chain
Because biomass decreases as trophic levels increases so there’s not enough energy to support more levels
What happens to ingested material that does not get absorbed
It will be egested as faeces
Name two substances lost as waste in urine
Water and urea
Explain how respiration affects the amount of biomass that is transferred from one trophic level to the next
Glucose is used in respiration to provide energy from them to make biomass. Also, respiration produces carbon dioxide and water and waste products which are lost from the body and therefore not passed on as biomass.
Explain why it’s important to maintain fish stocks at a level where breeding continues
To prevent species from becoming extinct
Explain why when rearing fish, movement is restricted
Less energy is spent on movements in more energy can be spent on growth
Why are carnivorous fish less efficient to farm them plant eating fish
Carnivorous fish or a higher trophic level so more biomass will have been lost from the food chain by that level. This means is less efficient
The global production and consumption of meat is increasing. Suggest what effect increasing meat consumption may have on global Food security.
It could threaten global Food security because more crops are needed to produce more meat to meet the increasing demand, so there are fewer Crops available to produce food for the global population.
Give one use for genetically modified bacteria
Producing human insulin
Suggest two advantages of GM crops
They could provide more food and they could provide food with an improved nutritional value
What’s the name of the fungus that use to produce mycoprotein
Fusarium
What are the conditions like in when producing mycoprotein
Aerobic
