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scecei part 2 > unit 7 > Flashcards

unit 7 Flashcards

1
Q

which theory of the universe did Galileo believe in?

A

heliocentric it’s where the sun is in the middle of the

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2
Q

what did Galileo perfect and what did he see with it

A

the telescope, saw olympus mons and mars, jupiter red dot and moons

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3
Q

what force did Galileo’s experiments at piso explore

A

gravity

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4
Q

what were galileo’s conclusion about that force

A

gravity makes objects fall at the same rate no matter their shape or size

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5
Q

when JPL tried those same experiments, what were their results

A

bowling ball and bouncy ball fell at the same time

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6
Q

explain acceleration

A

the rate of change of velocity per unit of time

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7
Q

whose work influences kepler? two scientists

A

Tycho Brahes, Galileo

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8
Q

what could kepler do better than others to help him get the laws of planetary motion

A

math

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9
Q

explain the 1st law of planetary motion

A

each planets orbit about the sun is an ellipse

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10
Q

explain the 2nd law of planetary motion

A

the imaginary line joining a planet and the sun sweeps equal areas of space during equal areas of space during equal time intervals as the planet orbits

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11
Q

explain the 3rd law of planetary motion

A

the square of the orbital period of a planet is proportional to the cube of the orbits semi-major axis

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12
Q

explain how keplers 2nd law is influencer by one of galileo’s ideas

A

copernican system of planets orbiting the sun instead of the earth

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13
Q

what is perihelion

A

the earth is closest to the sun in its orbit

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14
Q

what is aphelion

A

the earth is furthest away from the sun in its orbit

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15
Q

what is our average distance from the sun

A

23 million miles

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16
Q

how long is the earths revolution

A

365.25 days

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17
Q

where do all planets, asteroids and moons travel around the sun

A

heliocentric orbit

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18
Q

be able to explain the vectors that keep us in orbit and why they work

A

gravitational attraction to the sun, a force that acts along the vector from the sun to the planet. the force of gravity cannot change the angular momentum of any planet

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19
Q

what is perigee

A

the moon is closest to the earth in its orbit

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20
Q

what is apogee

A

the moon is furthest from the earth

21
Q

know the layers of the moon

A

crust, lithosphere, plastic core, liquid core, solid core

22
Q

what is albedo

A

a materials ability to reflect sunlight

23
Q

know phases of the moon

A

going clockwise: full moon, waxing gibbous, first quarter, waving crescent, new moon, waning crescent, third quarter, waning gibbous

24
Q

know what a lunar eclipse and solar eclipse is

A

lunar: moon is shadowed by the earth
solar: moon will cast a shadow on the sun

25
Q

what long does it take the earth to rotate

A

24 hours

26
Q

what is the axial tilt of the earth

A

23.5 degrees

27
Q

how fast does the earth spin at the equator, tropics, circles and poles

A

equator: 100 m/hr
tropics: 870 m/hr
circles 500 m/hr
poles: 0 m/hr

28
Q

what is the elliptical plane always in line with

A

sun

29
Q

in which direction does the earth spin

A

counterclockwise

30
Q

the equator is also the same as

A

latitude 0 degree line

31
Q

what is radiant heat transfer

A

heat waves are emitted that may be absorbed, reflected or transmitted through a colder body

32
Q

what is conduction heat transfer

A

when a cool object touches a warm object and heat is transferred to the cool object

33
Q

what is convection heat transfer

A

heat only nation, works well w/ liquids + gasses

34
Q

what does nature abhor

A

nature hates a vacuum

35
Q

how does the sun give radiant heat

A

fusion: 1st element helium, 2nd hydrogen

36
Q

all objects are either what or what

A

conductors, insulators

37
Q

where does solar radiation hit the earth at 90 degrees during the vernal equinox and autumnal equinox

A

equator

38
Q

where does solar radiation hit the earth at 90 degrees during the winter solstice

A

tropic of Capricorn

39
Q

where does solar radiation hit the earth at 90 degrees during hype summer solstice

A

tropic of cancer

40
Q

where is earths “warm zone”

A

23.5 degrees north tropic of cancer and to 23.5 degrees south tropic of capricorn

41
Q

what is important about solar radiation hitting the earth at 90 degrees

A

most intense radiation

42
Q

where are the arctic circle and antarctic circle respectively

A

arctic: 66.3 degrees north
antarctic: 66.3 degrees south

43
Q

in magnetism, what attracts and what repels

A

opposite poles attract same poles repel

44
Q

what is the dynamo effects

A

a geophysical theory that explains the origin of the earths main magnetic field in terms of a self-sustaining dynamo

45
Q

when did this start for the earth

A

3.5 billion yrs ago

46
Q

which pole is positive and which pole is negative

A

north neg, south pos

47
Q

what is the magnetosphere and what does it do

A

protects us from the fury of the sun, a great bubble of magnetism

48
Q

what do charges particles trapped in the earths magnetic field create

A

solar storms

scecei part 2 (3 decks)

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