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scecei part 2 > uni t 6 > Flashcards

uni t 6 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the structure of the earth

A

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

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2
Q

what does the crust and upper mantle look like

A

crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere

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3
Q

why is the outer core liquid?

A

due to high temperatures and not enough pressure to keep it in a solid state

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4
Q

why is the inner core solid

A

because there’s a lot of pressure

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5
Q

what is the largest part of the earth

A

mantle

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6
Q

what type of rock is the mantle made of

A

silicates

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7
Q

what does it mean when rock is “plastic”

A

rock can bend or fold

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8
Q

which crust is thicker

A

continental

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9
Q

which crust is thinner

A

oceanic

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10
Q

which elements are more abundant in the crust

A

oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron

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11
Q

what is special about the asthenosphere

A

partially molten and ductile nature allows for the movement of tectonic plates above it.

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12
Q

What did alfred wegener do for plate tectonics

A

proposed theory of continental drift

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13
Q

what were the clues and proof for his theory

A

fossil evidence

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14
Q

what is the theory of plate tectonics

A

Plate tectonics is the theory that states that Earth’s outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle

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15
Q

what is the convergence zone

A

ocean to crust, crust to crust

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16
Q

what is the divergence zone

A

move away from each other

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17
Q

what is the subduction zone

A

earth plates dives back into the mantle

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18
Q

what is transform fault

A

slide past each other horizontally

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19
Q

where does a hotspot come from

A

over exceptionally hot regions in the mantle

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20
Q

what two things do subduction zones produce

A

earthquakes, ocean trenches

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21
Q

what are the three types of volcanoes

A

shield, cindercone, composite

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22
Q

what is a caldera

A

circular depression where the surface has slumped

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23
Q

what is a vent

A

neck of a volcano where everything comes out

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24
Q

what is a dyke

A

magma that goes up vertical

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25
Q

what is a sill

A

solidified magma, not exposed, horizontal

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26
Q

what is a pluton

A

always connected to sill and dyke, large magma

27
Q

what is a laccolith

A

dome shaped rock, higher up, stuck between 2 sedimentary

28
Q

where do most volcanoes happen

A

plate boundaries

29
Q

what is a high viscosity

A

lava that moves slow like syrup

30
Q

what is low viscosity

A

lava that flows fast

31
Q

what is low viscosity

A

lava that flows fast

32
Q

what are the two types of lava

A

pahoehoe, AA

33
Q

what are the two types of lava

A

pahoehoe, AA

34
Q

what is pillow lava

A

lava underneath water

35
Q

which heavy elements sink to the earth at its formation

A

iron, nickel

36
Q

what is the name of the world last super continent

A

pangea

37
Q

where does the sea floor sink back into the earth to be recycled

A

deep sea trenches

38
Q

when subduction happens which crust does under which crust

A

oceanic sub ducts beneath continental

39
Q

magma builds up inside which part of the volcano before eruption

A

chamber

40
Q

what does a volcano release into the air as it erupts

A

lava, ash, gas, smoke

41
Q

what causes an earthquake

A

sudden movement along faults within the earth

42
Q

how do we measure earthquakes? two ways.

A

seismograph, seismic analysis

43
Q

what does a p wave look like

A

look at camera roll bruh

44
Q

what does a s wave look like

A

look at camera roll again lol

45
Q

what do love waves look like

A

vjk look at camera roll

46
Q

what do rayleigh waves look like

A

roll

47
Q

what are the body waves

A

p and s

48
Q

which waves are surface waves

A

rayleigh and love

49
Q

how many seismographs stations are needed to triangulate an epicenter of an earthquake

A

3

50
Q

which has two shadow zones

A

p shadow zone

51
Q

which has one shadow zone

A

s shadow zone

52
Q

which wave can go through the earths core

A

rayleigh wave

53
Q

to find the epicenter of an earthquake you must get the distance by finding what measurement

A

time difference between the first P wave and the first S wave

54
Q

who is the father of geology

A

james hutton

55
Q

what earthquake waves cannot go through the core

A

s wave

56
Q

molten rock is called?

A

magma

57
Q

what equation can model a richter scale

A

logE= 11.8 + 1.5 m

58
Q

what gets transferred in the transition zone of the mantle

A

seismic wave activity and velocity

59
Q

what is a latitude line

A

measures the distance north or south of the equator

60
Q

what is a longitude line

A

imaginary lines that divide earth

61
Q

what latitude line do we measure from

A

distance north and south of equator

62
Q

which longitude line do we measure from

A

meridian

63
Q

what four things must be on a proper map

A

title, compass rose, key, scale

64
Q

how many degrees does a compass show

A

360

scecei part 2 (3 decks)

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