Unit 6.1 Test

Question 1

Molecules that act as messengers helping control and coordinate a variety of cellular activities in the body.

Answer 1

Hormones

Question 2

55% of blood volume, thinlight - colored layer consisting of white blood cells .

Answer 2

Plasma

Question 3

What stops blood/promote blood clotting?

Answer 3

Platelets

Question 4

The ______ system is a collection of glands and tissues responsible for secreting hormones.

Answer 4

Endocrine

Question 5

____________ is the body’s tendency to mainatain conditions within appropriate limits.

Answer 5

Homeostasis

Question 6

Just above the erythrocytes is a thin light-colored layer called the ________ coat containing leukocytes and platelets.

Answer 6

Buffy

Question 7

RNA virus that attacks and destroys CD4 lymphocytes, there by decreasing the ability to fight infections with cell-mediated immunity

Answer 7

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)🩸🩸

Question 8

The immune system’s response to its first encounter with a particular antigen

Answer 8

Primary Immune Response

Question 9

Polio, a crippling and sometimes deadly disease, has been eliminated from the United States and greatly reduced throughout the rest of the world, thanks to the availability of polio _______.

Answer 9

Vaccines

Question 10

Sometimes the immune system begins attacking tissues that should be recognized as “self,” and these are called __________ diseases.

Answer 10

Autoimmune

Question 11

Infectious agent that can only replicate inside a living cell; consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by particular sites on host cells.

Answer 11

Virus

Question 12

Programmed cell death.

Answer 12

Apoptosis

Question 13

Immune systems reaction to invasion or injury characterized by release of chemicals that increase blood flow and summon white blood cells, resulting in redness, pain, warmth, and swelling.

Answer 13

Inflammation

Question 14

Substances that cause an increased body temperature are called ________.

Answer 14

Pyrogens

Question 15

Lymphoid organs in the back of your throat .

Answer 15

Tonsils

Question 16

Large organ in the lymphatic system that filters blood.

Answer 16

Spleen

Question 17

The collection of molecules, cells, tissues, and organs that defend the body against infection.

Answer 17

Immune System

Question 18

During ______, tonsil become swollen and tender.

Answer 18

Tonsillitis

Question 19

Skin provides a strong barrier to __________ and toxins.

Answer 19

Pathogens

Question 20

Skin is home to more than a trillion cells in the body’s __________.

Answer 20

Microbiome

Question 21

Many bacteria that normally live on skin prevent overgrowth and invasion by disease-causing (__________) bacteria.

Answer 21

Pathogenic

Question 22

The process of stopping bleeding.

Answer 22

Hemostasis

Question 23

Inherited bleeding disorder resulting from deficiency of coagulation factors.

Answer 23

Hemophilia

Question 24

Upon entering the lymphatic system, this fluid is then known as ________.

Answer 24

Lymph

Question 25

There are tiny lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine, which are called _______.

Answer 25

Lacteals

Question 26

Cancer resulting from overproduction of abnormal immature leukocytes in bone marrow.

Answer 26

Leukemia

Question 27

Substance that triggers an immune response.

Answer 27

Antigen

Question 28

Category of blood based on red blood cell antigens.

Answer 28

Blood type

Question 29

The ultimate purpose of ________ is to protect the body from invaders.

Answer 29

Leukocytes

Question 30

Aplastic _________ is a disorder in which the body does not produce enough red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets.

Answer 30

Anemia

Question 31

The red-oxygenated-carrying-iron-containing pigment in the blood.

Answer 31

Hemoglobin

Question 32

The process of producing new red blood cells.

Answer 32

Erythropoiesis

Question 33

Blood’s cellular components can be classified into three categories, one of which is _______________, which are red blood cells

Answer 33

Erythrocytes

Question 34

The most severe form of sickle cell disease in which both genes for making hemoglobin's beta chain have the mutation leading to production of hemoglobin S.

Answer 34

Sickle Cell Anemia

Question 35

Is an illness in which the amount of hemoglobin or the number of red cells in blood is too low

Answer 35

Anemia

Question 36

Because all blood passes through the kidneys frequently, kidneys are a great location to monitor blood's ___________-carrying capacity, which depends on adequate RBCs.

Answer 36

Oxygen

Question 37

People who have the sickle-causing _______ in only one copy and a normal gene in the other copy have sickle cell trait.

Answer 37

Anemia

Question 38

_______ gives hemoglobin its ability to carry oxygen.

Answer 38

Iron