Unit 6 Vocabulary (Learning and language) Flashcards by Sydney Haddrill

Q

Aversion therapy

A

Associating something undesirable with unpleasantness to get rid of it

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Q

Classical conditioning

A

Linking stimuli to anticipate events

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Q

Cognitive map

A

Mental layout of experiment

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Q

Conditioned response

A

Learned response to a previously neutral stimulus

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Q

Conditioned stimulus

A

Once neutral, now learned stimulus

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Q

Continuous reinforcement

A

Reinforcing response whenever it happens

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Q

Discriminative stimulus

A

Operant conditioning stimulus that gets response

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Q

Extinction (Classical conditioning)

A

Diminishing of a constant response

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Q

Fixed interval schedule

A

Reinforcement after set time

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Q

Fixed ration schedule

A

Reinforcement after set number of responses

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Q

Instinctive drift

A

Instinct to getting in the way of conditioning

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Q

Latent learning

A

Learning that’s only shown with an incentive

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Q

Law of effect (Thorndike)

A

Positive consequence increases

Negative consequence decreases

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Q

Learned Helplessness

A

Hopelessness learned by repeated aversion

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Q

Learning

A

The process of getting new information or behaviors

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Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Stopping negative stimuli to increase behavior

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Q

Observational learning

A

Learning by observing others

Q

Operant conditioning

A

Learning with consequences

Q

Partial reinforcement

A

Reinforcing response part of time

Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Increasing behaviors by giving something good

Q

Primary reinforcers

A

Reinforcers that satisfy biological need

Q

Punishment

A

Consequence that decreases behavior

Q

Reflex

A

Automatic response to sensory stimulus

Q

Reinforcement

A

Increases behavior

Q

Schedule of reinforcement

A

Rules for presenting consequences

Q

Secondary reinforcers

A

Reinforcers we’ve had to learn are good

Q

Shaping

A

Using reinforcement to get desired behavior

Q

Spontaneous recovery

A

Response comes back

Q

Stimulus discrimination

A

Response is only to certain stimulus

Q

Stimulus generalization

A

Stimulus evokes similar responses

Q

Unconditioned response

A

Naturally occurring response to stimulus

Q

Unconditioned stimulus

A

Stimulus naturally triggering response

Q

Variable interval schedule

A

Reinforcement at unpredictable time intervals

Q

Variable ratio schedule

A

Reinforcement after unpredictable number of responses

Q

Language

A

Method of human communication

Q

Morpheme

A

Unit of language that can’t be further divided

Has meaning

Q

Phoneme

A

Units of sound for distinguishing words

Q

Semantics

A

The meaning of a word or phrase

Q

Syntax

A

Creation of well-formed sentences

Q

Telegraphic speech

A

Two – word language of children