Unit 3 Vocabulary (Parts Of Brain) Flashcards by Sydney Haddrill

Q

Acetylcholine

A

Attention, learning, muscle action, memory

NEUROTRANSMITTER

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Q

Action potential

A

Fast charge to fire axon

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Q

All or none law

A

Full strength or nothing

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Q

Amygdala

A

Center for emotions (anger, anxiety…), motivation and recognizing facial emotions

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Q

Angular gyrus

A

Combines parietal and temporal lobes

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Q

Association areas

A

Connects sensory and motor areas

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Q

Axon

A

Branch to pass messages on neuron

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Q

Blood brain barrier

A

Separates blood from brain

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Q

Behavioral genetics

A

Study of genetics effecting behavior

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Q

Cell body

A

Brain of neuron, dendrites -> axon

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Q

Central nervous system

A

The brain and spinal cord

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Q

Cerebellum

A

Controls balance, posture, and precise motions

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Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Information processing in 4 loves

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Q

Chromosomes

A

DNA molecules containing genes

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Q

Corpus Callosum

A

Connects hemispheres

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Q

Computet tomography scan

A

CT-> cut (with x-rays)

Show structure

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Q

Dendrites

A

Receive messages on neuron

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Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

Molecule with instructions to make life

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Q

Electroencephalogram

A

EEG-> energy

Électrodes measure energy waves

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Q

Endocrine system

A

Secrete hormones, slow version of CNS

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Q

Endorphins

A

Brains natural painkiller

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Q

Forebrain

A

Anterior part of the brain

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Q

Fraternal twins

A

Twins from two eggs

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Q

Frontal lobes

A

Higher level thinking, cerebral cortex

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Q

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

A

Multiple MRIs to show blood flow

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Q

Gene

A

Segments of DNA, heredity codes

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Q

Genotype

A

Determines specific characteristic

Q

Glial cells

A

Hold together myelin sheath (on axon)

Q

Heritability

A

How much we can blame genes for variations

Q

Hindbrain

A

Lower part of brain stem

Q

Hippocampus

A

Process and store memories

Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintaining a balanced internal state

Q

Hormone

A

Chemical messengers in endocrine system

Q

Hypothalamus

A

Directs maintenance works with pituitary

Q

Identical twins

A

Twins from one egg

Q

Interneurons

A

Turn afferent into efferent

Q

Lesion

A

Destruction of brain tissue

Q

Limbic system

A

Center of brain, emotions

Q

Magnetic resonance imaging

A

Magnetic fields used to show brain anatomy

Q

Medulla

A

Control heartbeat and breathing

Q

Midbrain

A

Brain stem and hypothalamus

Q

Motor cortex

A

Controls voluntary movements

Q

Motor neurons

A

Efferent -> sends signals to muscles/ glands

Q

Myelin sheath

A

Segments of tissue keeping message in axon

Q

Natural selection

A

Survival of the fittest

Q

Nature vs. nurture

A

Controversy between genes and environment

Q

Neurons

A

Building block of nervous system

Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Chemical messengers that cross synapse

Q

Occipital lobes

A

Visual comprehension cortex

Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Neurons that connect to CNS

Q

Phenotype

A

Organism’s observable characteristics

Q

Phrenology

A

Study of bumps on head

Q

Pituitary gland

A

Works with brain and controls endocrine

Q

Pons

A

Brain stem-Helps control movement

Q

Position emission tomography

A

Radioactive glucose highlights brain activity

Q

Receptors

A

Receives neurotransmitters to send messages

Q

Resting potential

A

Neuron is ready to fire

Q

Reticular formation

A

Nerve network controls arousal

Q

Sensory neuron

A

Afferent -> Takes messages to brain

Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Controls the body’s skeletal muscles

Q

Spinal cord

A

Nerve fibers in spine

Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Fight – or – flight mobilizes body

Q

Synapse

A

Space between nerves

Q

Temporal lobes

A

Auditory comprehension lobes

Q

Thalamus

A

Sensory control center