UNIT 6: Review Flashcards
Biopsychosocial model
- not mutually exclusive and interact with one another
Distal factors
- an early exposure or factor and change proximal to a more immediate or recent exposure or factor
Distal factors examples
- Trauma, abuse, neglect, bullying in childhood
- Adversity in the form of a chaotic, unsafe or insecure home environment
- Poor early attachment relationships and/or early loss
- Poor quality of nutrition, sleep, recreational opportunities
- Family history of mental disorders
Proximal risk factors
factor that represents a more immediate exposure or underlying vulnerability
Proximal risk factors example
- Social isolation or exclusion
- Non-supportive or abusive relationships
- Alcohol binging
- Regular cannabis use or other substance misuse
- Poor quality of sleep
- Non-regular exercise
- Poor-emotional and behavioural self-regulation
- Symptoms of anxiety, worry or depression
- Chronic stress or stress that feels out of control
Distal protective factors
- Secure attachments
- Nurturing and compassionate relationships growing up
- Safe and secure home environment
Proximal protective factors:
- Healthy coping strategies
- Social support and a sense of belonging
- Security and stability
- Good sleep and hygiene
- No substance misuse
- Healthy study-life balance
Impact of substance use and misuse on brain development and refinement
- Brain in adolescence is sensitive and plastic which can support incredible learning and positive growth in the right environment and set of circumstances, or in different circumstances involving a risky environment, can lead to significant well-being, mental health and academic problems
Indicators of impending mental health problems and helpful approaches
- Feeling unhappy or worried when life is stressful is part of normal life and can be helpful in improving your coping strategies and resilience in the longer run
- However, if it lasts too long or is not addressed properly, it can lead to negative effects on mental health and well-being
Indicators of possible mental health concerns - Changes in feelings
- Irritable, sad and/or anxious mood
- Experiencing mood shifts or swings
- Feeling lonely even when not alone
- Feeling more sensitive and easily hurt or angry
- Decreased hope, lack of caring or a sense of dread
Indicators of possible mental health concerns - Changes in behaviour
- Stop attending class
- Give up hobbies and previously enjoyable activities
- Withdraw from social events
- Poor sleep
- Arguments with friends
- Unhealthy ways of coping
Indicators of possible mental health concerns - Changes in thinking
- Poor concentration
- Self-criticism
- Over-worry
- Pessimism
- Thoughts of self-harm
Indicators of possible mental health concerns - Sustained change
- The difficult feelings interfere with friendships and/or school
- The difficult feelings do not go away
- Others who know you notice a change or that you are struggling
Mental health resources and services
- Online well-being resources
- counselling
- family doctor
- 24-hour hotlines
- hospital urgent carer
ongoing support services
What characteristics do you think are most important for university mental health service?
- proactive and preventative
- health promotion-focused
- engaging
- student-friendly and accessible
- compassionate
- helpful from first concert
- tailored to meet the individual student need
