UNIT 1 Flashcards
Define well-being
Overall state or feeling comfortable, healthy, and happy.
Define mental-health
Psychological, emotional, and social aspects of thinking, feeling and behaving
What is mental health a prerequisite of?
Realizing potential, being able to cope with normal life stress, and being productive at work or school
What is eudaimonia translate to
Happiness which corresponds with the idea of flourishing
What are the components of well-being
Mental Health, Physical Health, and Supportive/Secure Environment
What does mental health embody
Positive psychological, emotional and social functioning
What does positive mental health include?
Feeling happy and satisfied with life, positive functioning and self-realization
what does mental health contribute to?
The ability to strive and reach potential, cope with normal life stresses, establish good relationships and be productive at work or study
What does physical health refer to?
Taking proper care of your body for optimum health and functioning and disease prevention
Are physical health and mental health related?
Yes, in a reciprocal way
What is a supportive/secure environment?
Where a person feels socially, emotionally, and physically safe and valued.
What are the aspects of mental health?
Realizing your potential: are you achieving what you are supposed to?
Emotional health: feelings and emotions
Psychological health: how you think and feel about things and your feelings
Social connectedness: maintaining good relationships (realize on development of positive social skills such as empathy)
What does the mental health spectrum show?
Shows that you can think about mental health states based on certain defined thresholds
Threshold of the mental health spectrum distress and/or impairement (top to bottom)
Disorders or illness
Concerns or problems
symptoms
well
What happens as you go up the mental health spectrum?
There are fewer people that are likely to meet that threshold
What is a mental disorder?
Clinically diagnosed illness that requires evidence-based treatments from healthcare professionals
What are the clinically significant symptoms of a mental disorder?
disturbance in thoughts, feeling and perception that negatively affects day to day functioning and causes significant distress and impairment
What is the definition of a mental health problem?
The presence of symptoms that persist and are associated with distress or difficulty, but are not severe enough to be considered a diagnosable mental illness, condition, disorder
What do mental health concerns and problems relate to?
Persistent or new life events of stress - not technically reflective of a diagnosable mental disorder
What are the benefits of being mentally well?
stress and disappointment are more manageable
Mental health continuum categories
Healthy, reacting, injured, !!
What helps to maintain mental health and resilience?
A healthy lifestyle, good psychological coping, supportive relationships
Can you have a diagnosed mental illness and be in good well being?
yes
What is the current state of student mental health?
Concerningly high rates
How many 1st year students according to WHO have been screened positive for a mental disorder specifically anxiety, mood and substance use?
1/3
Do most people have an onset of prior anxiety or depression before university?
yes, a majority do
Student demand for mental health resources
Increasing since covid
Why is the time of transition to university the AT RISK AGE for mental health?
a time when the brain is undergoing accelerated growth and development and has not yet fully matured
What are the needs for university mental health services?
At-risk age
Transition period
Vulnerable brain
Lacking support
Decrease in stigma
Contributors to mental health and academic outcomes in 1st years
Family factors
Personal factors
Early environment
Psychological
Lifestyle & behaviour
8 goals of well-being and mental health
Community
Social
Recreational
Career
Academic
Relationships
Cultural
What aspects of your life and academic success can mental health impact?
Energy levels and Motivation
Concentration and cognition
Self-efficacy
Managing stressful situations
Belongingness
Risk factors of bad mental health
not enough sleep
recreational drugs
not a good support network
prior mental health condition
culture
avoidance and overthinking problems
What are protective factors
Characteristics or exposures that lowers the likelihood of negative outcomes or that reduces the impact of risk factors
Protective factors against mental health
Having a reliable support network
good study-life balance
healthy sleep schedule
feeling included
positive thinking, journaling, relationships
What are stressors?
Smt that causes a state of psychological strain or tension
What is resilience?
being able to adjust, adapt, overcome, and cope with a disappointment, stressor, threat or adverse
What are signs and symptoms of being under stress?
Observable or experienced indicators
Psychodynamic model
Processes of the mind involves the interplay of psychological forces, and that distress arises because consciousness interpretation of these forces masks true unconscious origin
Is treatment based on the psychodynamic model helpful?
no strong evidence
Why was the Medical/disease model created?
It was believed that psychiatric illness were diseases caused by biological and generic malfunction
Mental/disease model
Views problems of mental functioning from a disease perspective with a biological basis at the core
Behavioural model
Theorises that how you behave day-to-day is conditioned due to the reinforcement you receive for your actions (more likely to do things that you get a positive reaction from)
Cognitive model
Assumes your perspective of yourself and the world are the result of your thinking, and errors or distortions in thought process can cause you to be upset or a mental disorder
Cognitive behavioural model
has a cognitive component, including identifying and correcting errors and biases in thinking
Biopsychosocial model
Emphasizes the interacting roles of biological factors, psychological factors, and social factors, as contributors to mental illness
What is the osler medical humanist model?
An alternative of the biopsychosocial model
Osler medical humanist model sections
Biology, Social, Psychologicla
What does the social model focus on?
broader holistic community-based influence on mental health including social, cultural, and environmental context
Cultural/minority model
focuses on voices of experience in response to feeling talked at or over in the medical and social models
What is the mad movement?
led by those with lived experiences and focuses on non-stigmatizing way of approaching mental health experiences
Is mental health a spectrum
yes
Conceptual model
takes into account early or distal exposures or risk factors and later more proximal risk factors and the cumulative relationship or pathway to mental health and academic outcomes
What are distal risk factors?
family history and environment, early adversity (abuse, neglect, trauma)
What are proximal risk factors?
Choices that we make (sleep, substance use, exercise, social support, low self-esteem, stress levels, anxiety and depressive symptoms)
Outcomes of the conceptual model
determined by a combination of distal and proximal risk factors and stressors
Alternate risk factors of mental health
Genes
Epigenetics
Environment
Culture
Stress-diathesis model
Suggests that certain environmental and lifestyle factors can further increase risk in individuals who are already vulnerable or at genetic risk, such as through cannabis use.
What is mental health a component of?
Well-being
