Unit 6 Review

Question 1

Memory

Answer 1

Learning that has persisted over time; info that can be acquired , stored, retrieved

Question 2

Encoding

Answer 2

get info into the brain

Question 3

Storage

Answer 3

Store/ retain info

Question 4

Retrieval

Answer 4

get info back out for use

Question 5

Atkinson”s model of memory

Answer 5

focuses on excplicit nmemoru (facts and experiences we can conciously know and declare

Question 6

Baddeley Working model

Answer 6

manager” focueses attention and pulls info from long term memory tonjhelop make sense of new information
- visual and auditoru reheasrsaol of new inffo

Question 7

Minds vs computers in processing of info into memory

Answer 7

our memories are less literal and more fragile, computers can process info sequentially while alternating between tasks

Question 8

Space (automaticalluy processed info)

Answer 8

visualization of info’s place

Question 9

Time (A.P. info)

Answer 9

sequence of events

Question 10

frequency (A.P. info)

Answer 10

how many times something happens (number)

Question 11

Ebb. terms: Effortful processing

Answer 11

encoding that requires attention and effort

Question 12

Ebb terms: Rehearsal

Question 13

Ebb. terms: Spacing Effect

Answer 13

Tendency for distributed study/ practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through mass study/ practice

Question 14

Ebb. terms: Testing effect

Answer 14

enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply rereading info aka repeated self-testing, retrieval practice effect, test-enhanced learning

Question 15

Ebb. terms: Serial Position effect

Question 16

Systems of Sensory Memory: Iconic

Answer 16

A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second

Question 17

Systems of Sensory Memory: Echoic (acoustic)

Answer 17

a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds + words can still be recalled within 3-4 seconds.

Question 18

Effortful Processing Strategies: Chunking

Answer 18

Organizing items into familiar manageable units, often occurs automatically

Question 19

EPS: Mnemonics

Answer 19

Memory aid techniques that use vivid imagery + organizational devices

Question 20

EPS: Hierarchies

Answer 20

processing info into hierarchies composed of a few broad concepts divided and subdivided into narrower concepts + facts.

Question 21

Short Term Mem: Number 7

Answer 21

We can recall seven digits (or about six letters/ five words) 43 individual #s would be impossible to remember except if chunked into seven meaningful units.

Question 22

Mnemonic Device 1: Peg-Words

Answer 22

Superior visual-imagery skill… Memorize a jingle with peg words then associate peg words with visual to be remembered items.

Question 23

MD 2: Method of Loci

Question 24

Explicit Memories

Answer 24

(Located in the hippocampus/ frontal lobes) Facts and experiences we consciously know and declare, encoded through effortful processing

Question 25

Implicit Memories

Answer 25

(Located in the Cerebellum/ Basal Ganglia) Automatic processing of memories that happens without awareness. Directly impacts our behavior without us thinking about it.

Question 26

Flashbulb Memories

Answer 26

Unique and highly emotional moments that may give rise to a clear, strong, and persistent memory. (Not resistant to errors.)

Question 27

Amnesia

Answer 27

Severe memory loss

Question 28

Retrograde Amnesia

Answer 28

Inability to remember past episodic info; common after head injury

Question 29

Anterograde Amnesia

Answer 29

Inability to form new memories; related to hippocampus damage

Question 30

Korsakoff's Syndrome

Answer 30

having both retrograde and anterograde amnesia due to excessive use of alcohol