Unit 6 (Recall Questions) Flashcards
Identify 2 effects of republican political domination in the 1920s:
1) Ended the era of progressiveness activism
2) New economic priorities
America’s foreign policy in the 1920s shifted from interventionism to ____________
Isolationism
What presidential administration began the Republican domination of the 20s?
Bribery Scandal
True or False: President Coolidge continued Harding’s pro-business policies
True
Identify 2 effects of 1920s Pro-Business Policies
1) More Americans invested in the Stock Market
2) Increased business productivity & consumerism
True or False: The government returned to laissez-faire economic policy of the Gilded Age (1920s)
True
True or False: Republicans value laissez-faire economic policy
True
Define Isolationism
Foreign Policy that prioritizes staying out of the affairs of other nations, especially wars
What did Warren G. Harding promise to the Americans?
- He promised Americans a “return to normalcy”
- Worked to preserve peace, through international cooperation
Why was Harding’s Administration plagued by scandal?
He was known to seek advice from his poker buddies, these men were known as the “Ohio Gang”
What was the Teapot Dome Scandal?
Bribery scandal in which a cabinent member, Albert Fall, secret;y leased US Navy oil reserves to private oil companies in exchange for nearly $400,000 in loans, bonds, and cash
Who was Calvin Coolidge “Silent Cal”?
VP to Harding, took office after Harding death in 1923
What did Calvin Coolidge believe in?
- Believed in a limited government & was pro-business
- Rejected in League of Nations
Who was Herbert Hoover?
Hoover becomes the Republican nominee in 1928 after Calvin Coolidge declines to run
What did Hoover promise?
He promised to continue “Coolidge Prosperity”
What new consumer product revolutionized mass media in the 20s?
The radio
How does Ford make his Model T more affordable for the middle class?
Use of the assembly line
How did “Easy Credit” encourage consumerism?
“Buy Now, Pay Later”
Where would Americans go to listen to Jazz?
Cotton Club
Identify 3 notable writers of the Lost Generation?
F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway & Gertrude Stein
How did American spend their leisure time in the 1920s?
Movie theaters and spectator sports
Define Consumerism:
the preoccupation of society with gaining new consumer products
Jazz music was spread throughout the US with the help of the Great _______
Migration
The ______ ___________ was the nation’s first “Talkie”
Jazz Singer
What helped to facilitate the spread of black culture to Northern cities?
Harlem Renaissance
Who led the literary and artistic movement, known as the Harlem Renaissance?
Middle-class, well educated Black Americans
Charlie Chaplin was the nation’s most famous _____ ____
movie star
6 Key figures of the Harlem Renaissance
Langston Hughes, Zora Hurston, Louis Armstong, Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith, Maya Angelou
What did Margaret Sanger Advocate for?
Birth Control
What was Alice Paul known for?
National Women’s Party
Identify 2 characteristics of a Flapper:
Young women known for their energetic attitudes and lifestyles
True or False: Most women in America were Flappers in the 1920s
True
What job opportunities were available to women in the 1920s?
Teaching, Nursing, Secretaries and Assembly line
The Scopes Trial is an example of the ongoing clash between ________ and _______ in the 1920s
science, religion
What did the 18th Amendment do?
Bans the manufacturing and selling of alcohol
What was the negative effect of the 18th Amendment?
Increased crime, lawlessness and disrespect for the law
What is a speakeasy?
Hidden or secret bars and nightclubs
What was bootlegging known for?
Smuggling liquor from Canada, Cuba and Mexico
Which amendment repeals or overturned Prohibition?
21st Amendment
Define Nativism:
Prejudice against foreign-born people, anti-immigrant
What are 2 factors that led to an increase in nativism in the 1920s?
1) Anti-immigrant sentiments
2) Rise in unemployment (competition over jobs)
How did the government respond to Americans’ fear of communism?
The Palmer Raids
Why did people protest the sentencing of Sacco & Vanzetti?
Many believed they were targeted b/c of their radical beliefs
Who were Sacco & Vanzetti?
Italian Immigrants and known anarchists, were arrested for robbery and murder
How does the 1920s KKK differ from the reconstruction KKK?
1920s KKK targeted Black Americans, Catholics, Jewish People and those foreign born
Which group of immigrants were being targeted by the new quota system?
Undesirable immigrants particularly Italian Immigrants
What was the Quota System?
System set up by Congress in response to nativist pressure to limit immigration
What was the Emergency Quota Act?
Limited immigration from each European nation to 2% of the number of its nationals living in the US in 1890
What is buying on margin?
Borrowing the cost of stock with a 10% down payment
The availability of “easy credit” led American into ____
debt
The 1920s was characterized by a ____ Market
Bull
The day the stock market crashed in 1929 is known as:
Black Tuesday
Why did Americans run to the banks after the stock market crash?
To withdraw their money
What is a “Hooverville”?
Towns of homelessness
What was the political effect of the great depression?
Ended the era of Republican domination
Define Bull Markets:
continual increase in stock prices
Define Bear Markets:
continual decline in stock prices
What caused the Dust Bowl?
Overuse of the land, drought & high winds
Where did millions of “Okies” move in hopes of starting over?
Moved west to California
True or False: Hoover believed the federal government had a responsibility to provide direct aid to the people
False
What programs did Hoover put in place to help the economy recover?
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
True or False: The Hawley-Smoot Tariff helped the economy. Why?
False because many foreign nations responded by discouraging trade with the US, leading to economic isolationist
Federal Home Loan Act:
Lowered mortgages and allowed people to refinance to avoid losing their homes
Reconstruction Finance Corporation:
Authorized federal aid to banks, railroad companies, insurance companies and the agricultural industry.
How did Hoover’s response to the Bonus Army impact people’s vied of him?
Public saw him as heartless
Who won the election of 1932?
FDR
What was the name of FDR’s program to provide relief to Americans and to help guide economic recovery?
New Deal
What are the 3 R’s of the New Deal?
Relief, Recovery and Reform
How did FDR use the radio to connect with the American people?
He built confidence and a sense of optimism across the nation
What did the American Liberty League criticize about the New Deal?
Believed FDR was bordering on a dictatorship and the New Deal were leading the US towards socialism & communism
Demagogue:
Leader who obtains power by means of impassioned appeals to the emotions and prejudices of the people
Relief:
Provide the direct opportunity and benefits to the unemployed and struggling Americans
Recovery:
Help businesses and economic institution bounce back, in hopes of stabilizing the economy
Reform:
Bring change to economic institutions to create “safety-nets” and regulations that will help avoid future depressions.
Dr. Francis Townsend’s ideas became the basis for what New Deal agency?
What happened to Huey Long?
Assasinated
Why did FDR propose the Judicial Reorganization Act?
In response to the Supreme Court’s challenge, FDR attempted to reorganize the court w/ favorable justices
True or False: FDR’s New Deal expanded opportunities for minority groups in federal government
True
What is the New Deal Coalition?
African Americans became a powerful voting block for the democratic party
Did the New Deal increase or decrease the size of the federal government?
Increase
What ended the Great Depression?
World War 2
