Unit 3 (Content Recall Questions) Flashcards
Who did Americans believe gave them the right to expand from Atlantic to Pacific?
God (Manifest Destiny)
2 Examples of Pull Factor moving west:
- Land ownership
- New economic opportunities
Example of Push Factor in moving west:
Escaping religious persecution
True or False: The US government upheld its promises and treaties with Native Americans.
False
“Fifty-Four Forty or Fight” is associated with which territory
Oregon Territory
What state in Mexico invited American settlers?
Texas
Why did Mexico close its borders in 1830?
Americans failed to respect Mexican laws or culture
What nation does Texas fight against for independence?
Mexico
What phrase become a rallying cry for Texas Independence?
“Remember the Alamo”
True or False: Texas was an independent republic prior to its annexation by the U.S.
True
Which region of the United States wanted Texas to come in as a Slave State?
South
Why did President Polk put U.S. troops on the Rio Grande?
Hoping to ignite a military response from Mexico
Who led the Annexation of Texas?
Sam Houston
Who was Santa Anna?
He was a Mexican President
Why did the North oppose the war with Mexico?
Doesn’t want new slave states
What was the Wilmot Proviso?
Congress passes this to gain support from the Northerners for war, this bans slavery in lands gained from Mexico
What lands was gained as part of the Mexican Cession? (7)
California, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, Nevada & parts of Wyoming
What territorial acquisition completes America’s “Manifest Destiny”?
The Gadsden Purchase (1853)
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo:
Rio Grande River become Texas border
How much does US pay for Mexican Cession?
$15 Million
How did the Gold Rush lead to California quickly becoming a state?
Population Explosion
What did Boomtowns offer?
They offered new job opportunities
True or False: The American West offered more social, political and economic opportunities for minority groups.
True
Which group was negatively impacted by manifest destiny?
Native American
Why was the Missouri Compromise passed in 1820?
To maintain sectional balance in congress
Did the Wilmot Provison ever pass Congress?
Never passed congress
What state was at the center of the Compromise of 1850?
California
What did the North “get” out of the Compromise of 1850
California is a free state
What did the South “get” out of the Compromise of 1850?
Stronger Fugitive Law
What was the purpose of the Underground Railroad?
Help fugitive slaves escape to freedom
What book shed light on the atrocities of slavery & the fugitive slave law?
Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe
Allowing voters to decide whether a state will be free or slave is known as:
Popular Sovereignty
True or False: The violence in Kansas over slavery gave America a glimpse at what Civil War would look like
True
What did the violence in Kansas and in the U.S. Senate demonstrate to many Americans?
Demonstrated the widening and seemingly unrepairable gap between the North and South over the issue of slavery.
What was the opinion of the newly formed Republican Party on slavery?
United in its oppostition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act and keeping slavery out of new territories
True or False: In Dred Scott, the Supreme Court ruled slaves were citizens and promised full constitutional rights
False
Who did Abraham Lincoln debate in 1858?
Illinois senator Stephen Douglas
What was the primary issue in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates?
Slavery was immoral
What was John Brown’s goal when he led a raid on the arsenal at Harpers Ferry?
Capture the arsenal arm slaves & lead a revolt
Was John Brown’s raid successful?
No
The election of Lincoln in 1860 led to:
Southern Secession
Who was the first state to secede from the Union?
South Carolina
True or False: The constitution of the Confederacy protected and recognize slavery in new territories
True
How did the President Buchanan respond to the secession of 7 southern states?
Declared secession illegal
Who fired the first shots of the Civil War?
Confederate troops
What major southern state seceded from the Union in April 1861?
Virginia
Slave states that remained in the Union are known as: (list the states also - 4)
BORDER STATES
Missouri, Maryland, Kentucky, Delaware
What advantage did the Union having going into the Civil War?
More people, railroads , ports & shipping, factories, strong navy
The advantages did the Confederacy have going into the Civil War?
Fighting in familiar territory, strong military leadership
The Union’s war strategy was known as the: ( ________ Plan )
Anaconda Plan
True or False: The South was going to have to fight a defensive war?
True
Why did both sides have to draft men into the army?
Heavy casualties early in the war
“A rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight”… why does this quote apply to BOTH the union and the Confederacy’s conscription policies?
- If you could afford substitutes they were allowed
- Exempted if you owned more than 20 slaves
True or False: The British chose to remain neutral in the Civil War
True
Lincoln’s primary goal in fighting the Civil War was to:
Is to save the union, and is not either to save or destroy slavery
What Battle led Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation?
Battle of Antietam
What slaves were freed as part of the emancipation proclamation?
Freed slaves in all areas currently under confederate control
How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the purpose of the war for the Union?
The war was no longer just about preserving the Union, it was also about freeing the slaves
True or False: African Americans served in the Union Army
True, after the proclamation was issued
What Civil War regiment paved the way for future all black military regiments?
54th Masschuettes
How did the federal government respond to draft riots in northern cities, like New York?
Federal troops sent in to put down the riot
2 ways President Lincoln dealt with dissent
- Federal troops
- Habeas Corpus
Define Copperhead:
Northerners who advocated for peace with the south and an end to war
What two battles are considered turning points in the Civil War?
- Battle of Gettysburg
- Battle of Vicksburg
What is the significance of the Gettysburg Address?
Reassured Americans that they were right to fight this war & reminded them of the principles the nation was founded on
Where did Robert E. Lee and the Confederacy surrender?
Appomattox
True or False: Lincoln was harsh in his treatment of Confederate soldiers after the surrender
False
Identify 1 political effect of the Civil War
Federal government assumed greater power
True or False: After the Civil the economic gap between the North and South widened
True
What did the 13th amendment do?
Abolished slavery
How many casualties did the Union have
350,000
How many casualties did the Confederacy have?
250,000
Who killed President Lincoln?
John Wilkes Booth
What is the Primary goal of Reconstruction?
- To rebuild and reunite the war torn nation
- Deal with those who had taken up arms against the government
- Address the needs of millions of former slaves
Who was the leader of the Radical Republicans in Congress?
Thadeous Stevens
What is one thing all three reconstruction plans have in common?
Reunification
Why did Congressional Republicans want to take over Reconstruction?
Angered by the terms of Johnson’s plan and actions in vetoing Civil Right laws
True or False: Congressional Reconstruction called for the South to be put under military control
True
What was the underlying reason President Johnson was impeached?
All of congress are republicans & anti-slavery
The 14th Amendment extends citizenship and provides for: (1868)
equal protection under the law
15th Amendment (1870)
Granted African American (male) the right to vote
How did the Freedman’s Bureau help newly freed slaves?
offered assistance, such as medical aid and education, to freed slaves and war refugees
What industries began to emerge in the postwar south?
Investment in textile manufacturing & tobacco manufacturing
What was the first step for many African Americans in establishing their identities as free people?
Reunification of families
True or False: HBCUs were form during reconstruction to provide advanced educational opportunities for African Americans
True
During reconstruction, most African supported which political party?
Republican Party
Who was the first Black man to become a US Senator?
Hiram Revels
True or False: The majority of African Americans moved North after the Civil War
False (they moved south)
Why did many African Americans turn to Sharecropping or Tenant Farming?
Being able to save money to rent/buy land
What is the reality of the sharecropping system?
Created a cycle of debt and economic slavery
How did Congress deal with the KKK?
Passed Enforcement Act, to try and stop the violence & intimidation
Who regained voting rights with the passage of the Amnesty?
150,000 former confederates
Why did President Grant refuse to run for reelection in 1876?
- Tied to scandals of corruption and bribery
- lack of unity made enforcement policies difficult
What political shift occurred as a result of the Panic of 1873?
5 year depression
True or False: By 1874, the Democratic Party had regained power in many state governments throughout the south
True
How did Republican Rutherford B. Hayes, become President in 1877?
Congress appoints a commission to deal with the issue between Tilden and Rutherford. (party leaders struck a deal)
What is the significance of the Compromise of 1877?
End of the reconstruction in the South.
