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Organisational > unit 6: leaderships > Flashcards

unit 6: leaderships Flashcards

1
Q

define leadership

A

influence others to understand & agree on what & how to achieve the shared goals

facilitate individual & team effort

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2
Q

what are the 7 broad characteristics of a leader

A

future vision
long-term
motivate, stimulate
visionary, enthusiastic, creative, flexible
influence with personal traits & charisma
they have followers
informal

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3
Q

what are the 2 classic models of leadership

A

Innate personality (trait app & big 5)

Behavioural (3 leadership types, Ohio university, managerial grid)

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4
Q

what is the main basis of the innate personality approach

A

LS cannot be learned, it is innate

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5
Q

what are the 6 LS traits outlined in the trait APP to innate leadership (AFCASE)

A

A mbitious
F lexible
C reative
A ssertive
S elf-confident
E nergetic

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6
Q

what are the 4 LS skills outlined in the trait APP

A

conceptual, social, diplomatic, fluent

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7
Q

what is the big 5 and how does it relate to leadership

A

5 personality traits
INCREASED extraversion & openness to experience = good leader
DECREASED neuroticsm

^ conscientiousness is linked to the onset of leadership

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8
Q

According to Lewin, Limpet & White what are the 3 types of leadership

A

Authoritarian, democratic & laissez-faire

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9
Q

what are the characteristics of a democratic leadership style

A

participative
leader charisma
follower identification

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10
Q

According to Ohio university, what are the 2 planes of behaviour that can be used to understand leadership style?

A

Initiating structure (productivity-focused)

Consideration (people-focused)

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11
Q

According to Ohio university, what outcomes does HIGH productivity-focused & people-focused leadership create?

A

HIGH follower satisfaction & performance

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12
Q

What is Blake & mouton’s managerial grid?

A

It is part of the behavioural approach to leadership

5 management styles that can be understood according to 2 characteristcs
- concern for production
- concern for people

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13
Q

what is the basis of the behavioural approach to leadership

A

Views leadership as a set of behaviours that can be learned

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14
Q

A management shows LOW concern for people & production - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Impoverished

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15
Q

A management shows LOW concern for PEOPLE & HIGH concern for PRODUCTION - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Authority compliance

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16
Q

A management shows HIGH concern for PEOPLE & LOW concern for PRODUCTION - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Country club M

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17
Q

A management shows HIGH concern for PEOPLE & PRODUCTION - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Team M

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18
Q

A management shows MID concern for PEOPLE & PRODUCTION - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Middle-of-the-road M

19
Q

what is a criticism of Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid?

A

Too narrow
Does not consider context

20
Q

what are the 2 contingency models of leadership?

A

situational leadership
path-goal theory

21
Q

what is the basis of situational leadership theory?

A

states that you should adapt your leadership style to your situation

Situation = followers characteristics (job & psych maturity)

Employees have 4 phases each with specific effective LS styles

22
Q

What are the 4 phases (R) of employees & their effective leadership style (S)?

A

R4: Able & Willing > S4: Delegating

R3: Able & unwilling > S3: Participating

R2: Unable & willing > S2: Selling (how & why to do)

R1: unable & unwilling > S1: telling (directive)

23
Q

what is path-goal theory?

A

There are different leadership styles (directive, supportive, participative, achievement-oriented) which yield different outcomes for followers

2 types of moderators: environment & subordinate characteristics

24
Q

what are the 2 general moderators of leadership according to path-goal theory?

A

Environmental factors
Subordinate characteristics

25
Q

What are the 3 environmental moderators of path-goal theory?

A

Task structure
Amount of formal authority
Primary work group

26
Q

PAth-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for highly structured tasks?

A

Directive

27
Q

Task-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for primary work groups?

A

participative & achievement oriented

28
Q

What are the 4 subordinate characteristics moderators of task-goal theory?

A

Affiliation needs
Control desire
Structure preference
Self-perceieved task ability

29
Q

Path- goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for subordinates with high affiliation needs?

A

Supportive

30
Q

Path-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for high internal locus of control in subordinates?

A

Participative

31
Q

Path-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for subordinates with a need for structure ?

A

Directive

32
Q

path-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for subordinates with low perceive task ability?

A

Achievement-oreitned

33
Q

According to path-goal theory, what are the 4 leadership characteristics?

A

Supportive
Directive
Participative
Achievement oriented

34
Q

what’s a criticism of path-goal theory?

A

it is too simplistic
groups are not homogeneous

35
Q

According to the Full Range Leadership Model, what are the 3 types of leadership that have evolved over time?

A

Laissez-faire
Transactional L
Transformational L

36
Q

what are the characteristics of laissez-faire leadership?

A

avoidance, non participative

37
Q

what are the characteristics of TRANSACTIONAL leaderships?

A

Similar to theory X - employees are passive & only seek economic rewards

38
Q

what are the characteristics of TRANSFORMATIONAL leadership? (4 tasks within in)

A

THEORY Y- motivate/stimulate

  • Intellectual stimulation (innovate creative goals, challenges)
  • individualised consideration (mentor, empathy)
  • idealised influence (role model, enthusiasm)
  • Inspirational motivation (clear vision, optimism, inclusion)
39
Q

What is servant leadership?

A

Leaders should control their ego & self-sacrifice for sake of the group

Putting followers interests first

40
Q

What are the 3 current models of leaderships

A

Full range leadership mode
Servant leaderships
Leader-member exchange

41
Q

According to Liden, what are the 6 characterstics of servant leadership?

A
  1. Create value for community (help)
  2. Conceptual skills (share knowledge)
  3. Emotional healing (genuine empathy)
  4. Empowering
  5. Facilitate follower growth
  6. Put followers first
42
Q

what is the leader-member exchange? (+ 3 dependents)

A

DYADS; different relationships to different followers

depends on trust, time, formality

43
Q

what’s the difference between in-group and outgrip attributions according to the leader-member exchange

A

IG success= hard work & ability
IG failure = environment

OG success = env
OG failure = ability

Organisational (4 decks)

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