unit 6: leaderships Flashcards by Mia Harvey

Q

define leadership

A

influence others to understand & agree on what & how to achieve the shared goals

facilitate individual & team effort

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Q

what are the 7 broad characteristics of a leader

A

future vision
long-term
motivate, stimulate
visionary, enthusiastic, creative, flexible
influence with personal traits & charisma
they have followers
informal

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Q

what are the 2 classic models of leadership

A

Innate personality (trait app & big 5)

Behavioural (3 leadership types, Ohio university, managerial grid)

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Q

what is the main basis of the innate personality approach

A

LS cannot be learned, it is innate

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Q

what are the 6 LS traits outlined in the trait APP to innate leadership (AFCASE)

A

A mbitious
F lexible
C reative
A ssertive
S elf-confident
E nergetic

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Q

what are the 4 LS skills outlined in the trait APP

A

conceptual, social, diplomatic, fluent

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Q

what is the big 5 and how does it relate to leadership

A

5 personality traits
INCREASED extraversion & openness to experience = good leader
DECREASED neuroticsm

^ conscientiousness is linked to the onset of leadership

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Q

According to Lewin, Limpet & White what are the 3 types of leadership

A

Authoritarian, democratic & laissez-faire

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Q

what are the characteristics of a democratic leadership style

A

participative
leader charisma
follower identification

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Q

According to Ohio university, what are the 2 planes of behaviour that can be used to understand leadership style?

A

Initiating structure (productivity-focused)

Consideration (people-focused)

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Q

According to Ohio university, what outcomes does HIGH productivity-focused & people-focused leadership create?

A

HIGH follower satisfaction & performance

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Q

What is Blake & mouton’s managerial grid?

A

It is part of the behavioural approach to leadership

5 management styles that can be understood according to 2 characteristcs
- concern for production
- concern for people

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Q

what is the basis of the behavioural approach to leadership

A

Views leadership as a set of behaviours that can be learned

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Q

A management shows LOW concern for people & production - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Impoverished

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Q

A management shows LOW concern for PEOPLE & HIGH concern for PRODUCTION - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Authority compliance

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Q

A management shows HIGH concern for PEOPLE & LOW concern for PRODUCTION - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Country club M

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Q

A management shows HIGH concern for PEOPLE & PRODUCTION - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Team M

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Q

A management shows MID concern for PEOPLE & PRODUCTION - what management style would this be?

(Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid)

A

Middle-of-the-road M

Q

what is a criticism of Blake & Mouton’s Managerial grid?

A

Too narrow
Does not consider context

Q

what are the 2 contingency models of leadership?

A

situational leadership
path-goal theory

Q

what is the basis of situational leadership theory?

A

states that you should adapt your leadership style to your situation

Situation = followers characteristics (job & psych maturity)

Employees have 4 phases each with specific effective LS styles

Q

What are the 4 phases (R) of employees & their effective leadership style (S)?

A

R4: Able & Willing > S4: Delegating

R3: Able & unwilling > S3: Participating

R2: Unable & willing > S2: Selling (how & why to do)

R1: unable & unwilling > S1: telling (directive)

Q

what is path-goal theory?

A

There are different leadership styles (directive, supportive, participative, achievement-oriented) which yield different outcomes for followers

2 types of moderators: environment & subordinate characteristics

Q

what are the 2 general moderators of leadership according to path-goal theory?

A

Environmental factors
Subordinate characteristics

What are the 3 environmental moderators of path-goal theory?

Task structure Amount of formal authority Primary work group

PAth-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for highly structured tasks?

Directive

Task-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for primary work groups?

participative & achievement oriented

What are the 4 subordinate characteristics moderators of task-goal theory?

Affiliation needs Control desire Structure preference Self-perceieved task ability

Path- goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for subordinates with high affiliation needs?

Supportive

Path-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for high internal locus of control in subordinates?

Participative

Path-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for subordinates with a need for structure ?

Directive

path-goal theory: what leadership style is appropriate for subordinates with low perceive task ability?

Achievement-oreitned

According to path-goal theory, what are the 4 leadership characteristics?

Supportive Directive Participative Achievement oriented

what's a criticism of path-goal theory?

it is too simplistic groups are not homogeneous

According to the Full Range Leadership Model, what are the 3 types of leadership that have evolved over time?

Laissez-faire Transactional L Transformational L

what are the characteristics of laissez-faire leadership?

avoidance, non participative

what are the characteristics of TRANSACTIONAL leaderships?

Similar to theory X - employees are passive & only seek economic rewards

what are the characteristics of TRANSFORMATIONAL leadership? (4 tasks within in)

THEORY Y- motivate/stimulate - Intellectual stimulation (innovate creative goals, challenges) - individualised consideration (mentor, empathy) - idealised influence (role model, enthusiasm) - Inspirational motivation (clear vision, optimism, inclusion)

What is servant leadership?

Leaders should control their ego & self-sacrifice for sake of the group Putting followers interests first

What are the 3 current models of leaderships

Full range leadership mode Servant leaderships Leader-member exchange

According to Liden, what are the 6 characterstics of servant leadership?

1. Create value for community (help) 2. Conceptual skills (share knowledge) 3. Emotional healing (genuine empathy) 4. Empowering 5. Facilitate follower growth 6. Put followers first

what is the leader-member exchange? (+ 3 dependents)

DYADS; different relationships to different followers depends on trust, time, formality

what's the difference between in-group and outgrip attributions according to the leader-member exchange

IG success= hard work & ability IG failure = environment OG success = env OG failure = ability