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alien pcol > UNIT 6: INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY OF CNS DRUGS (PART 1) > Flashcards

UNIT 6: INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY OF CNS DRUGS (PART 1) Flashcards

1
Q

T/F

All drugs with CNS effects act on specific receptors that modulate transmission

A

True

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2
Q

T/F

CNS drugs are among the most important for studying all aspects of CNS phsyiology

A

True

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3
Q

T/F

Unraveling the actions of drugs with known clinical efficiacy lef to the hypotheses regarding the mechanism of disease

A

True

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4
Q

Electrically excitable cells that proicess and transmit informartion via an electrochemical process

A

Neurons

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5
Q

Receives and integrate the input from other neurons and conduct this information to the cell body

a. dendrites
b. axons
c. axon terminal
d. cell body

A

a. dendrites

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6
Q

Carry the output signal of a
neuron from the cell body,
sometimes over long distances.

a. dendrites
b. axons
c. axon terminal
d. cell body

A

b. axons

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7
Q

Makes contact with other neurons at specialized junctions called synapses where neurotransmitter chemicals are released that interact with receptors on other neurons.

a. dendrites
b. axons
c. axon terminal
d. cell body

A

c. axon terminal

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8
Q

Large number of non-neuronal support cells that perform a variety of essential functions in the CNS

A

Neuroglia

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9
Q

specialized macrophages derived from the bone marrow that settle in the CNS and are the major immune defense system in the brain.

a. oligodendrocytes
b. astrocytes
c. microglia

A

c. microglia

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10
Q

cells that wrap around the axons of projection neurons in the CNS forming the myelin sheath.

a. oligodendrocytes
b. astrocytes
c. microglia

A

a. oligodendrocytes

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11
Q

most abundant cell in the brain and play homeostatic support roles.

a. oligodendrocytes
b. astrocytes
c. microglia

A

b. astrocytes

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12
Q

A protective functional separation of the circulating blood from the extracellular fluid

A

Blood-Brain Barrier

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13
Q

Blocks sodium channel from the outside

a. apamin
b. charybdotoxin
c. tetrodotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

c. tetrodotoxin
source: puffer fish

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14
Q

Slows the inactivation, shifts activation of the sodium channel

a. apamin
b. charybdotoxin
c. tetrodotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

d. batrachotoxin
source: colombian frog

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15
Q

Blocks “small
Ca-activated” K channel

a. apamin
b. charybdotoxin
c. tetrodotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

a. apamin
source: Honeybee

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16
Q

Blocks “big Ca-activated”
K channel

a. apamin
b. charybdotoxin
c. tetrodotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

b. charybdotoxin
Source: Scorpion

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17
Q

Blocks N-type channel

a. Agatoxin
b. charybdotoxin
c. Omega conotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

c. Omega conotoxin
source: pacific cone snail

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18
Q

Blocks P-type channel

a. Agatoxin
b. charybdotoxin
c. Omega conotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

a. Agatoxin
source: funnel web spider

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19
Q

Irreversible antagonist of Nicotinic Ach Receptor

a. Picrotoxin
b. Philanthotoxin
c. Strychnine
d. a-Bungarotoxin

A

d. a-Bungarotoxin
source: marine snake

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20
Q

Blocks channel of GABAa Receptor

a. Picrotoxin
b. Philanthotoxin
c. Strychnine
d. a-Bungarotoxin

A

a. Picrotoxin
Source: South Pacific Planet

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21
Q

Competitive antagonist to Glycine Receptor

a. Picrotoxin
b. Philanthotoxin
c. Strychnine
d. a-Bungarotoxin

A

c. Strychnine
source: indian plant

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22
Q

Blocks channel of AMPA receptor

a. Picrotoxin
b. Philanthotoxin
c. Strychnine
d. a-Bungarotoxin

A

b. Philanthotoxin
source: wasp

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23
Q

Ion channel that respons to changes in membrane potential

A

Voltage-gated Ion Channel

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24
Q

Ion channel respoble for fast action potentials

A

Voltage-gated ion channel

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25
Neurotransmitter Receptor which Respond to chemical neurotransmitters that bind to receptor subunits of the channel
Ligand-gated ion channel
26
Neurotransmitter Receptor Responsible for synaptic tranmissiion typical of HIERARCHICAL PATHWAYS
Ligand-gated ion channel
27
Neurotransmitter Receptor with Seven Transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors
Metabotropic Receptors
28
Neurotransmitter Receptor that does not result in the direct gating of a channel
Metabotropic Receptor
29
T/F Inactivation of Metobotropic Receptor leads to Modulation of voltage-gated channels
False Activation*
30
T/F G protein interacting with calcium channels activates channel function
False Inhibit*
31
List the Membrane-Delimited Pathways
- Potassium Channels - Calcium Channels
32
T/F Metabotropic receptors predominate in the diffuse neuronal systems in the CNSA
True
33
Generates transient **depolarization**
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potenial
34
T/F Spatial Summation is the consecutive addition of E1
False **Temporal Summation**
35
T/F Temporal Summation is the addition E1 + E2 at the same time
False **Spatial Summation**
36
In EPSPS Depolarization is caused by the opening and closing of what channel
* Opening of Sodium & Calcium channels * Closing of Potassium channels
37
In which postsynaptic potential is **all-or-none action potential** generated
EPSPs
38
In IPSPs Hyperpolzarication is caused by the opening of what channels
Opening of potassium or chrloride channels
39
T/F In EPSPs / Depolariation the equilibrium potential is slightly more negative
False **more positive**
40
T/F In IPSPs / Hyperpolarization the equilibrium potential is slightly more negative
True
41
Drugs thatb exert their effort through **direct interaction**
* Carbamazepine * Phenytoin * Local anesthetics
42
T/F Most drugs exert their effect mainly at the **synapse**
**TRUE**
43
Which of the following inhibits the degradation of acetylcholine? a. Parachlorophenylalanine b. Reserpine c. Amphetamine d. Anticholinesterase
d. Anticholinesterase
44
Which of the following inhibits release of catecholamines? a. Parachlorophenylalanine b. Reserpine c. Amphetamine d. Anticholinesterase
c. Amphetamine
45
Which of the following Inhibits storage of catecholamine? a. Parachlorophenylalanine b. Reserpine c. Amphetamine d. Anticholinesterase
b. Reserpine
46
Which of the following Inhibits synthesis of serotonin? a. Parachlorophenylalanine b. Reserpine c. Amphetamine d. Anticholinesterase
a. Parachlorophenylalanine
47
T/F Presynaptic drugs acts on the **synthesis, storage, metabolism, release **of neurotransmitters
True
48
In postsynaptic region, the ________ provides the primary site of drug action
**transmitter receptor **
49
____________ is a common mechanism of action for CNS drugs
Receptor antagonism example: Strychinine for Glycine
50
T/F Drugs can also act directly on the ion channel of ionotropic receptors
True Example: Anesthetic Ketamine for NMDA
51
T/F Drugs can act at any of the speds downstream of the receptor in METABOTROPIC RECEPTORS
True Example: Methylxanthines
52
Give the two tyoes of Neuronal System
1. Hierarchical system 2. Diffused / Non-specific system
53
Which system contains **large meylinated, rapidly conducting fibers; pathways are clearly delineated** a. Hierarchical System b. Diffused System
a. Hierarchical System
54
Which system contains major sensory and motor functions a. Hierarchical System b. Diffused System
a. Hierarchical System
55
List the major excitatory transmitters
* Aspartate * Glutatamate
56
List small inhibitory interneurons transmitters
* GABA * Glycine
57
Neurons that Form the interconnecting pathways that transmit signals over long distances. a. Projection Neurons b. Local Circuit Neurons
a. Projection Neurons
58
These neurons are excitatory, and their synaptic influences, which involve ionotropic receptors, are very short-lived. a. Projection Neurons b. Local Circuit Neurons
a. Projection Neurons
59
What excitatory transmitter is released in Projection neurons a. glutamate b. glycine c. gaba d. both b and c
a. glutamate
60
T/F Local Circuit Neurons are bigger than projection neurons
False Smaller
61
What excitatory transmitter is released in Local Circuit neurons a. glutamate b. glycine c. gaba d. both b and c
d. both b and c
62
Two common types of pathways for Local Circuit Neurons
* Recurrent feedback pathways * Feed-forward pathways
63
Broadly distributed, with single cells frequently sending processes to many different parts of the brain-tangential. a. Hierarchical System b. Diffused System
b. Diffused System
64
This system includes monoamines and acetylcholines a. Hierarchical System b. Diffused System
b. Diffused System
65
What is Periodic enlargements that contain transmitter vesicles and is Located in the axons.
Varicosities
66
This transmitter acts on metabotropic receptors a.Nonadrenergic Amines b. Metabotropic receptors
b. Metabotropic receptors
67
T/F Noradrenergic cell bodies are found primarily in a compact cell group called locus caeruleus in the caudal pontine central gray matter.
True

alien pcol (4 decks)

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