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alien pcol > UNIT 6: INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY OF CNS DRUGS (PART 1) > Flashcards

UNIT 6: INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY OF CNS DRUGS (PART 1) Flashcards

1
Q

T/F

All drugs with CNS effects act on specific receptors that modulate transmission

A

True

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2
Q

T/F

CNS drugs are among the most important for studying all aspects of CNS phsyiology

A

True

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3
Q

T/F

Unraveling the actions of drugs with known clinical efficiacy lef to the hypotheses regarding the mechanism of disease

A

True

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4
Q

Electrically excitable cells that proicess and transmit informartion via an electrochemical process

A

Neurons

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5
Q

Receives and integrate the input from other neurons and conduct this information to the cell body

a. dendrites
b. axons
c. axon terminal
d. cell body

A

a. dendrites

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6
Q

Carry the output signal of a
neuron from the cell body,
sometimes over long distances.

a. dendrites
b. axons
c. axon terminal
d. cell body

A

b. axons

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7
Q

Makes contact with other neurons at specialized junctions called synapses where neurotransmitter chemicals are released that interact with receptors on other neurons.

a. dendrites
b. axons
c. axon terminal
d. cell body

A

c. axon terminal

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8
Q

Large number of non-neuronal support cells that perform a variety of essential functions in the CNS

A

Neuroglia

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9
Q

specialized macrophages derived from the bone marrow that settle in the CNS and are the major immune defense system in the brain.

a. oligodendrocytes
b. astrocytes
c. microglia

A

c. microglia

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10
Q

cells that wrap around the axons of projection neurons in the CNS forming the myelin sheath.

a. oligodendrocytes
b. astrocytes
c. microglia

A

a. oligodendrocytes

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11
Q

most abundant cell in the brain and play homeostatic support roles.

a. oligodendrocytes
b. astrocytes
c. microglia

A

b. astrocytes

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12
Q

A protective functional separation of the circulating blood from the extracellular fluid

A

Blood-Brain Barrier

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13
Q

Blocks sodium channel from the outside

a. apamin
b. charybdotoxin
c. tetrodotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

c. tetrodotoxin
source: puffer fish

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14
Q

Slows the inactivation, shifts activation of the sodium channel

a. apamin
b. charybdotoxin
c. tetrodotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

d. batrachotoxin
source: colombian frog

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15
Q

Blocks “small
Ca-activated” K channel

a. apamin
b. charybdotoxin
c. tetrodotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

a. apamin
source: Honeybee

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16
Q

Blocks “big Ca-activated”
K channel

a. apamin
b. charybdotoxin
c. tetrodotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

b. charybdotoxin
Source: Scorpion

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17
Q

Blocks N-type channel

a. Agatoxin
b. charybdotoxin
c. Omega conotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

c. Omega conotoxin
source: pacific cone snail

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18
Q

Blocks P-type channel

a. Agatoxin
b. charybdotoxin
c. Omega conotoxin
d. batrachotoxin

A

a. Agatoxin
source: funnel web spider

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19
Q

Irreversible antagonist of Nicotinic Ach Receptor

a. Picrotoxin
b. Philanthotoxin
c. Strychnine
d. a-Bungarotoxin

A

d. a-Bungarotoxin
source: marine snake

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20
Q

Blocks channel of GABAa Receptor

a. Picrotoxin
b. Philanthotoxin
c. Strychnine
d. a-Bungarotoxin

A

a. Picrotoxin
Source: South Pacific Planet

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21
Q

Competitive antagonist to Glycine Receptor

a. Picrotoxin
b. Philanthotoxin
c. Strychnine
d. a-Bungarotoxin

A

c. Strychnine
source: indian plant

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22
Q

Blocks channel of AMPA receptor

a. Picrotoxin
b. Philanthotoxin
c. Strychnine
d. a-Bungarotoxin

A

b. Philanthotoxin
source: wasp

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23
Q

Ion channel that respons to changes in membrane potential

A

Voltage-gated Ion Channel

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24
Q

Ion channel respoble for fast action potentials

A

Voltage-gated ion channel

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25
Q

Neurotransmitter Receptor which Respond to chemical neurotransmitters that bind to receptor subunits of the channel

A

Ligand-gated ion channel

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26
Q

Neurotransmitter Receptor Responsible for synaptic tranmissiion typical of HIERARCHICAL PATHWAYS

A

Ligand-gated ion channel

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27
Q

Neurotransmitter Receptor with Seven Transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors

A

Metabotropic Receptors

28
Q

Neurotransmitter Receptor that does not result in the direct gating of a channel

A

Metabotropic Receptor

29
Q

T/F

Inactivation of Metobotropic Receptor leads to Modulation of voltage-gated channels

A

False

Activation*

30
Q

T/F

G protein interacting with calcium channels activates channel function

A

False

Inhibit*

31
Q

List the Membrane-Delimited Pathways

A
  • Potassium Channels
  • Calcium Channels
32
Q

T/F

Metabotropic receptors predominate in the diffuse neuronal systems in the CNSA

A

True

33
Q

Generates transient depolarization

A

Excitatory Postsynaptic Potenial

34
Q

T/F

Spatial Summation is the consecutive addition of E1

A

False

Temporal Summation

35
Q

T/F

Temporal Summation is the addition E1 + E2 at the same time

A

False

Spatial Summation

36
Q

In EPSPS Depolarization is caused by the opening and closing of what channel

A
  • Opening of Sodium & Calcium channels
  • Closing of Potassium channels
37
Q

In which postsynaptic potential is all-or-none action potential generated

A

EPSPs

38
Q

In IPSPs Hyperpolzarication is caused by the opening of what channels

A

Opening of potassium or chrloride channels

39
Q

T/F

In EPSPs / Depolariation the equilibrium potential is slightly more negative

A

False

more positive

40
Q

T/F

In IPSPs / Hyperpolarization the equilibrium potential is slightly more negative

A

True

41
Q

Drugs thatb exert their effort through direct interaction

A
  • Carbamazepine
  • Phenytoin
  • Local anesthetics
42
Q

T/F

Most drugs exert their effect mainly at the synapse

A

TRUE

43
Q

Which of the following inhibits the degradation of acetylcholine?

a. Parachlorophenylalanine
b. Reserpine
c. Amphetamine
d. Anticholinesterase

A

d. Anticholinesterase

44
Q

Which of the following inhibits release of catecholamines?

a. Parachlorophenylalanine
b. Reserpine
c. Amphetamine
d. Anticholinesterase

A

c. Amphetamine

45
Q

Which of the following
Inhibits storage of catecholamine?

a. Parachlorophenylalanine
b. Reserpine
c. Amphetamine
d. Anticholinesterase

A

b. Reserpine

46
Q

Which of the following
Inhibits synthesis of serotonin?

a. Parachlorophenylalanine
b. Reserpine
c. Amphetamine
d. Anticholinesterase

A

a. Parachlorophenylalanine

47
Q

T/F

Presynaptic drugs acts on the **synthesis, storage, metabolism, release **of neurotransmitters

A

True

48
Q

In postsynaptic region, the ________ provides the primary site of drug action

A

**transmitter receptor **

49
Q

____________ is a common mechanism of action for CNS drugs

A

Receptor antagonism
example: Strychinine for Glycine

50
Q

T/F
Drugs can also act directly on the ion channel of ionotropic receptors

A

True
Example: Anesthetic Ketamine for NMDA

51
Q

T/F
Drugs can act at any of the speds downstream of the receptor in METABOTROPIC RECEPTORS

A

True
Example: Methylxanthines

52
Q

Give the two tyoes of Neuronal System

A
  1. Hierarchical system
  2. Diffused / Non-specific system
53
Q

Which system contains large meylinated, rapidly conducting fibers; pathways are clearly delineated

a. Hierarchical System
b. Diffused System

A

a. Hierarchical System

54
Q

Which system contains major sensory and motor functions

a. Hierarchical System
b. Diffused System

A

a. Hierarchical System

55
Q

List the major excitatory transmitters

A
  • Aspartate
  • Glutatamate
56
Q

List small inhibitory interneurons transmitters

A
  • GABA
  • Glycine
57
Q

Neurons that Form the interconnecting pathways that transmit signals over long distances.

a. Projection Neurons
b. Local Circuit Neurons

A

a. Projection Neurons

58
Q

These neurons are excitatory, and their
synaptic influences, which involve
ionotropic receptors, are very short-lived.

a. Projection Neurons
b. Local Circuit Neurons

A

a. Projection Neurons

59
Q

What excitatory transmitter is released in Projection neurons

a. glutamate
b. glycine
c. gaba
d. both b and c

A

a. glutamate

60
Q

T/F

Local Circuit Neurons are bigger than projection neurons

A

False

Smaller

61
Q

What excitatory transmitter is released in Local Circuit neurons

a. glutamate
b. glycine
c. gaba
d. both b and c

A

d. both b and c

62
Q

Two common types of pathways for Local Circuit Neurons

A
  • Recurrent feedback pathways
  • Feed-forward pathways
63
Q

Broadly distributed, with single cells frequently sending processes to many different parts of the
brain-tangential.
a. Hierarchical System
b. Diffused System

A

b. Diffused System

64
Q

This system includes monoamines and acetylcholines

a. Hierarchical System
b. Diffused System

A

b. Diffused System

65
Q

What is Periodic enlargements that contain transmitter vesicles and is Located in the axons.

A

Varicosities

66
Q

This transmitter acts on metabotropic receptors

a.Nonadrenergic Amines
b. Metabotropic receptors

A

b. Metabotropic receptors

67
Q

T/F

Noradrenergic cell bodies are found primarily in a compact cell group called locus caeruleus in the caudal pontine central gray matter.

A

True

alien pcol (4 decks)

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