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As-level Business > Unit 6- Human Resource Performance > Flashcards

Unit 6- Human Resource Performance Flashcards

1
Q

Human Resources

A

The people of a business or organisation regarded as a significant asset in terms of skills and abilities

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2
Q

Aim

A

A long term goal a business wants to achieve

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3
Q

Objective

A

A step to help achieve the long term aim

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4
Q

Hard HR

A

•Treats employees as a resource to be monitored and used efficiently to achieve strategic objectives

•Linked to authoritarian or autocratic leadership styles

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5
Q

Soft HR

A

•Treats employees as a valuable asset, a major source of competitive advantage which is vital to achieving strategic objectives

•Linked to democratic leadership style

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6
Q

Labour turnover

A

The proportion of employees leaving a business over a period of time (usually a year)

No. Employees leaving over given time/ average no. Employed over a given period x100

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7
Q

Retention rates

A

The proportion of employees with a specified length of service (normally a year+) as a proportion of the total workforce

No. Employees with a year+ service/ overall workforce numbers x100

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8
Q

Absenteeism

A

The proportion of employees not at work on a given day

Number of staff absent/ number of staff in total x100

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9
Q

Employee costs as a percentage of revenue

A

Measures the percentage of sales revenue needed to cover labour costs

Employee costs/ sales revenue x100

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10
Q

Labour productivity

A

The measure of output per worker in a given time period

Output per period/number of employees per period

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11
Q

Labour costs per unit

A

A measure of the average labour costs involved in producing one unit of output in a given time period

Total Labour costs/ total units of output

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12
Q

Empowerment

A

A series of actions designed to give employees greater control over their working lives

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13
Q

Job design

A

The process of deciding on the content of the job in terms of its duties and responsibilities

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14
Q

What are the 5 job characteristics of Hackman and oldhams model?

A

•skill variety
•task identity
•task significance
•autonomy
•job feedback

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15
Q

HR flow

A

The process by which employees pass in and out of an organisation

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16
Q

Recruitment

A

The process by deciding who will fulfil a specific job role

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17
Q

Contract of employment

A

A legal document stating the hours of work, rates of pay, duties and other conditions under which person is employed

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18
Q

Delayering

A

The removal of one or more levels of hierarchy from a business organisational structure

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19
Q

Organisational charts

A

They are diagrams that show the internal structure of the business

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20
Q

Span of control

A

How many employees a manager has control/responsibility of

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21
Q

Chain of command

A

How many layers an organisation has

22
Q

Matrix structure

A

Individuals work across teams and projects as well as within their own department or function

23
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of delayering

A

+cuts costs
+better communication
+more efficient decision making

-more responsibilities (may become overwhelming
-staff may feel unstable
-teamwork may not be as good
-lose experienced staff

24
Q

Job analysis

A

The process of creating roles as responsibilities to create a job role and personal specification

25
Q

Person specification

A

A list of desired attributes required in a candidate

26
Q

Job description

A

A list of roles and responsibilities in a job role

27
Q

Application form

A

Created by the business to ask questions specific to business needs

28
Q

CV
(curriculum vitae)

A

Outlines your personal qualifications/experience

29
Q

Psychometric tests

A

Online tests created by psychologists to assess personality traits

30
Q

Assessment centre

A

A group assessment process to assess candidates ability to work as a team

31
Q

Redeployment

A

Moving an employee to another section of the business to achieve short-term needs

32
Q

Redundancy

A

Business dismisses an employee because the business no longer needs someone for a specific job

The job is no longer needed, not the fault of the employee

33
Q

Training

A

The process of instructing an individual about how to carry out tasks directly related to their current job

34
Q

What are the 3 types of training?

A

• induction
• on the job
• off the job

35
Q

Induction training

A

First day training

36
Q

On the job training

A

Instructing employees at their workplace

(Being placed with another member of staff for a day/week)

37
Q

Off the job training

A

Training at a training centre or going on a course

38
Q

Remuneration

A

Payment via wages and salaries

39
Q

Bonuses

A

Extra payment depending on overall business performance

40
Q

Commission

A

Extra pay depending on number of sales made

41
Q

Promotion

A

Opportunity to progress in the organisational hierarchy

42
Q

Fringe benefits

A

Extra incentive to work for a business
Eg. Health care

43
Q

Key points of Taylor’s theory (Taylorism)

A

•workers are only motivated by pay
•most efficient way of completing a task (eg. assembly line)
•breaking down jobs (simple and repetitive)

44
Q

Key points of maslows hierarchy of needs

A

Making sure staff feel secure to be able to get the most out of your workers

45
Q

What are the 5 levels of maslows hierarchy of needs?

A

Self-actualisation
Esteem
Belonging/social
Safety
Physiological needs

46
Q

Key points of herzbergs theory

A

-two factors (hygiene and motivational)
-hygiene factors need to be met (social,fair pay,safety)

47
Q

What did mayo discover?

A

That workers were concerned with more than just pay

Employees were also motivated by working in teams and having communication

48
Q

McGregor theory x

A

•employees are closely supervised
•only desire money
•must be pushed to perform

49
Q

McGregor theory y

A

•employees seek responsibility
•seek independence
•motivated by self-fulfilment

50
Q

Motivator factors
(herzberg)

A

Factors that can act to motivate employees

51
Q

Hygiene factors
(herzberg)

A

Factors that can reduce job dissatisfaction but can not motivate on their own

As-level Business (7 decks)

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