Unit 2- Managers, Leadership And Decision Making

Question 1

Leadership

Answer 1

•Deciding a direction for the business
•inspiring staff to achieve objectives

Question 2

Management

Answer 2

Getting things done by organising other people to do it

Question 3

4 types of leadership:

Answer 3

•Autocratic
•Democratic
•Laissez Faire
•Paternalistic

Question 4

Advantages and disadvantages of Autocratic leadership

Answer 4

Leader makes decisions themselves
+decisions made quickly
-may demotivate staff
•high dependence on leader

Question 5

Advantages and disadvantages of Democratic leadership

Answer 5

Giving workers more of a say in decisions (consultative)
+different perspectives
+may increase motivation
+improved sharing ideas
-delays decision making
-potential conflict

Question 6

Advantages and disadvantages of Laissez Faire style of leadership

Answer 6

“Let it be”, let’s workers do what they think is best
+useful in businesses which prioritises creativity
+motivational
-decision making is time consuming
-relies on good teamwork and interpersonal relations

Question 7

Advantages and disadvantages of paternalistic style of leadership

Answer 7

Where leader acts like a father figure
+staffs needs are tried to be met
+staff know the manager wants to support them
*leader makes all the decisions (may decrease motivation)

Question 8

Factors that affect leadership style:

Answer 8

•The task
•Tradition of organisation- culture
•Type of labour force (skilled/unskilled)
•Group size
•Leader’s personality
•Time to complete task
•Company structure
•Particular situation

Question 9

Pros and cons to Scientific decision making

Answer 9

+supported by quantitative evidence
+logical
-may be expensive
-time consuming

Question 10

Pros and cons to intuition decision making

Answer 10

+allows for quick decision making
+encourages creativity
-difficult to justify
-reliant on experience/expertise

Question 11

5 categories on a Blake mouton grid

Answer 11

(1,9) country club management
(1,1) Improvished management
(5,5) middle of the road management (man management)
(9,9) Team management
(9,1) Authority obedience/ product or perish management

Question 12

Improvished management

Answer 12

-minimum work to maintain relationships
-low concern for employees

Question 13

Produce or perish management/ authority obedience

Answer 13

-concerned for production
-low concern for staff
-organised and eliminate people wherever possible

Question 14

Middle of the road management

Answer 14

-balance between goals and needs of staff
-danger is that neither will be delivered to satisfactory levels

Question 15

Country club management

Answer 15

-low concern for production
-high concern for staff
-thoughtful attention to staffs needs
-friendly and easygoing atmosphere

Question 16

Team management

Answer 16

-high concern for production and people
-style based on the theory y of mcgregor

Question 17

What does the Tannenbaum schmidt continuum measure?

Answer 17

How much authority/freedom a business leader gives their staff

Authority to the left and freedom on the right

Question 18

Main 4 categories in the tannenbaum schmidt continuum

Answer 18

TELLS
manager makes and announces decisions
SELLS
managers sells the decisions (paternalistic)
CONSULTS
manager presents decisions; subject to change (democratic)
PARTICIPATES
employees allowed to make decisions/everyone participates

Question 19

Stakeholder

Answer 19

Anyone with an interest in the business

Question 20

Primary stakeholder

Answer 20

Stakeholders with a direct relationship with the business
Eg. Suppliers

Question 21

Secondary stakeholders

Answer 21

Those who don’t have a direct relationship with the business

Eg. Local community

Question 22

4 categories in a stakeholder map

Answer 22

•keep satisfied
•monitor
•manage closely
•keep informed

Question 23

Keep satisfied (stakeholder map)

Answer 23

High power, Low interest

Question 24

Manage closely

Answer 24

High power, High interest

Question 25

Monitor (stakeholder map)

Answer 25

Low power, Low interest

Question 26

Keep informed (stakeholder map)

Answer 26

Low power, High interest

Question 27

Influences on the relationship with stakeholders

Answer 27

•leadership style •mission/objectives •stakeholder power/interest •market conditions (eg.competition) •external influences (eg.legislation) •business form

Question 28

opportunity cost

Answer 28

the loss of other alternatives when when an alternative is chosen "you can't have your cake and eat it"

Question 29

what are the steps for making decisions?

Answer 29

set objectives gather data analyze data make decision implement decision review decision (on god a mouse is rad)