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z Biol 011 > Unit 6: Cycles and Animal Ecology > Flashcards

Unit 6: Cycles and Animal Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five characteristics of animals?

A
  • Eukaryotes
  • Multi-cellular
  • Lack cell walls
  • Heterotrophic
  • Blastula during embryonic development
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2
Q

How do we say “toward the head”?

A

Anterior

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3
Q

How do we say “toward the tail”?

A

Posterior

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4
Q

How do we say “back side”?

A

Dorsal

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5
Q

How do we say “belly side”?

A

Ventral

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6
Q

What do we call an anterior concentration of sense organs?

A

Cephalization

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7
Q

What is a blastula?

A

A hollow ball of cells

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8
Q

The blastula pinches inward (invagination), eventually forming _______

A

Gastrula

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9
Q

What are the three germ layers formed during invagination? (blastula –> gastrula)

A

Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm

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10
Q

What does the endoderm become?

A

The gut

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11
Q

What does the mesoderm become?

A

The inside bits

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12
Q

What does the ectoderm become?

A

Skin

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13
Q

What are the advantages of segmentation?

A
  • allows greater body mobility

- allows for specialization of body parts

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14
Q

What is the body cavity called?

A

Coelem

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15
Q

What do we call the layer that lines the body cavity and gut and covers the internal organs?

A

Peritonium

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16
Q

What is a pseudocoelemate?

A

An organism with the coelem but no peritonium

17
Q

What are the characteristics of sponges?

A
  • No true tissue
  • Cellular digestion
  • Asymmetry
18
Q

What are the characteristics of sponges?

A
  • No true tissue
  • Cellular digestion
  • Asymmetry
19
Q

What are the characteristics of Cnidaria (hydra)?

A
  • Radial symmetry
  • Two germ layers
  • Sac gut
20
Q

What are the two types of guts?

A
  • Sac gut (one opening)

- Tube gut (two openings)

21
Q

What are the characteristics of Platyhelminthes? (flatworms)

A
  • Three germ layers
  • Internal organs and muscles
  • No coelem
  • Cephalization
22
Q

What are the characteristics of Nematodes (roundworms)?

A
  • Pseudocoelems

- Tube-within-a-tube (mouth and anus)

z Biol 011 (7 decks)

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