Unit 6: Cell Signaling Flashcards
What is a cell signal?
Change or stimulus
What is a receptor
Senses a specific signal it recognizes and relays signal into cell
What are intracellular signaling molecules?
Molecules that interpret or amplify signal inside cell
What is an Effecter?
something that implements signal into action
Extracellular signaling molecules vary in what two ways?
In size and biochemical properties
What are three types of extracellular signaling molecule?
Hydrophilic molecules, Small lipophilic molecules, and gases.
What kind of signaling molecules are peptides, proteins and charged molecules?
Hydrophillic Molecules
What extracellular signaling molecule cannot freely diffuse across PM?
Hydrophilic Molecules
How do Hydrophilic Molecules signal?
Use cell receptors
What two extracellular molecules can freely diffuse across PM?
Gases and Small Lipophilic Molecules
How do Small Lipophilic molecules diffuse across PM?
Use intracellular or cell surface receptors
Which extracellular Molecules rapidly diffuse across PM and how?
Gases by intracellular receptors
How do many intracellular receptors work?
Many bind DNA upon activation to regulate transcription
How do signaling molecules work within the body?
Act over various distances
What are 4 types of intercellular signaling?
Contact dependent
Paracrine
Synaptic
Endocrine
