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G9 + 10 chemistry > unit 6 - acids and bases > Flashcards

unit 6 - acids and bases Flashcards

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1
Q

acids

A

Turns blue litmuss paper red
pH less than 7
Neutralises Bases
Form H+ ions in solutions
corrosive
Good conductor of electricity

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2
Q

bases

A

pH greater than 7
Turns red litmus paper into blue
Feels slippery
Forms OH- ions
Neutralises acids

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3
Q

Arhenius theory

A

Acids produces Hydrogen ions in water
Bases produce hydroxide ions in wate

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4
Q

coordinate covalent bond

A

where both electrons come from the same atom, when one atom donates a lone pair of elewctrons to th accepter atoms

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5
Q

Lewis theory

A

Acid is a electron pair accepter - accpets a lone pair of electrons to form coordinate covalnt bond
Bases is electron donor - donates lone pair of electron to a lewis acid to form coordinate covalent bond

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6
Q

how to classify string acids/bases and weak acids/bases

A

100% dissacoition/ionisation with Ion = strong
partiall disassociation/ionisation = weak

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7
Q

neutral substances

A

Neitheir acidic nor basic
pH = 7
Dont show colour change with litmus paper
Can be formed with acid mixes with a base

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8
Q

How to form salts using reactions

A

Acid + metal oxide
acid + alkali
Acid + Metal
Acid + Metal carbonate

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9
Q

Reaction of acids with metal oxide

A

Acid + Metal oxide = Salt + H2O

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10
Q

reaction of acid with alkali

A

Acid + Alkali = salt + H20

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11
Q

Reaction of acid with reactive metal

A

Acid + Reactive sMetal = Salt + H2

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12
Q

reaction of acid with metal carbonates

A

Acid + Metal carbonate = Salt + H2O + CO2

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13
Q

titration

A

Process to create salts of highly reactive alkali metals

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14
Q

Use of CaCO3

A

limestone and marble

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15
Q

Use of CaSO4

A

plaster of paris

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16
Q

Use of KNO3

A

explosives

17
Q

Uses of NaHCO3

A

washing soda

18
Q

Test for C02

A

when bubbled through lime water it becomes milky white and cloudy

19
Q

Test for hydrogen

A

when, burneed, burns with a pop sound

20
Q

test for Oxygen

A

glowing splint near oxygen, relights

21
Q

which gases are reposnible for acid rain?

A

Sulphur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides

These gases mix with water vapours and rainwater in the atmoshpere

22
Q

Basic oxides

A

Metal oxides
EG - MgO

these dissolve in water to from bases with a OH- always in product

23
Q

Acidic oxides

A

Non metal oxides
Eg - H2 CO3 (carbonic acid)

these dissolve in water to form acids with a H2 always in prodcut

24
Q

Amphoteric oxides

A

React with acids and bases and possess properties of acidic and basic oxides

25
Q

Reactin of Acid and Base with Phenolphthalie

A

Acid - turns it colourless
Base - Turns it dark pink in colour

26
Q

Oxides defination

A

Binary compound in whcih one element is always oxygen

G9 + 10 chemistry (6 decks)

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