Unit 6 Flashcards
What is a millet?
A legally protected religious minority in the Ottoman empire. (ex. Jews or Christians)
What is a Janissary?
A member of the sultans foot soldiers who were made up of Ottoman prisoners of war who also protected Jews and Christians from mob violence
What is a Sultan?
The word for ruler in many Arab societies including the Ottoman Empire
What is a Mandate of heaven?
The authority to rule an area given by gods or heaven
Who was Suleiman the magnificent?
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman Empire reached its height and became a world power under his rule. Suleiman was known as the law giver because of how he ruled his Empire. He created schools for Muslim boys, enforced Sharia law, and acted against corrupt officials who tried overtax the people.
What is Neo- Confucianism?
A belief system incorporating aspects of Buddhism and Daoism into traditional Confucian beliefs
What is a Jinyiwei?
The imperial military secret police that served the emperors of the Ming dynasty in China.
What was the ethnic and religious composition of the Ottoman empire?
The Ottoman empire was mainly composed of Muslims and was primarily Islamic. However Jews add Christians also lived in the Ottoman Empire and were allowed to practice their own religion but weren’t given full rights that Muslims had.
How did the Ottoman empire, as led by Suleiman the Magnificent, gain, consolidate, and maintain power?
They gained power through conquest which led to territory gain, the empire consolidated power by leading his own army of Janissaries, and he maintained power by enforcing loyalty of non-Muslims living in the empire.
What do primary sources reveal about how outsiders viewed the Ottomans?
Primary sources reveal that outsiders viewed the Ottomans in a positive light. Ogier Busbecq of ustria was shocked by the self-denial, orderliness, and work ethic of the Ottoman’s soldiers, Busbecq was also impressed with the social mobility in the empire, (the promotion of people in the empire based on merit rather than wealth or background). Both the Ottomans army and social system impressed outsiders and there was a night and day difference between it and the European social system and army.
What was the geographic and historical context for the founding of the Ming dynasty?
The mongol empire was corrupt, spent too much money on wars, overtaxed the population, and was in chaos which made it vulnerable to rebellions. A young peasant gained support in the rebellion and became the new emperor naming himself Hong Wu and drove out the Mongols.
How did the Ming dynasty gain maintain and consolidate power?
The Ming dynasty gained power by building a force of military secret police called the jinyiwei, they maintained power by expanding the Great Wall of China, and they consolidated power by creating a law code called the Ming code which allowed more rights for slaves than previous Chinese law codes
Who was Zheng he and what impact did his travels have on China and other regions?
Zheng he was a Chinese explorer who sent by the prince of Ming established the emperors fleet, he impacted China and other regions by spreading Islam
What is filial piety?
A Confucian belief that people should respect their elders, parents, and ancestors
Who was Zheng he?
A servant to the prince of Ming who established The Emperor‘s fleet and his job was to explore China and Asia he spread Islam throughout Southeast Asia and established chinas dominance
