Unit 3

Question 1

How did Rome grow in size?

Answer 1

By conquering nearby civilizations

Question 2

Identify one way the geography of Rome was different than the geography of Greece.

Answer 2

Rome was not divided by mountains, their empire was protected by the mountains, while Greece was divided by mountains which caused the Greek city-states to be unable to unite causing them to fight each other.

Question 3

What geographic factors made it possible for the Romans to unite the Italian peninsula?

Answer 3

There were no mountains dividing the Italian peninsula

Question 4

Describe the location of the Mediterranean sea complex.

Answer 4

The Med. sea complex was at the southeastern tip of Europe, the northeastern tip of Africa, Southwest Asia, this included the Med. sea.

Question 5

Which body of water helped merchants trade their goods?

Answer 5

The Mediterranean sea

Question 6

What were the Indus River Valley civilizations two largest settlements and what made them more sophisticated than other settlements at that time?

Answer 6

Harrapa and Mohenjo Daro were the largest settlements of the Indus River valley civilizations. These settlements had a grid street pattern and drainage systems.

Question 7

Describe the location of ancient Greece

Answer 7

Ancient Greece was located in Southeastern Europe along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea

Question 8

What effect did the Punic wars have on Rome’s dominance over other regions?

Answer 8

Rome defeated Carthage and had almost absolute dominance over the region.

Question 9

Who fought in the Punic wars?

Answer 9

Rome and Carthage fought in the Punic wars

Question 10

How did the Punic wars begin?

Answer 10

Rome and Carthage fought in the Punic wars because they were rival traders who both wanted full control of the med sea region and Sicily.

Question 11

Who was Alexander the great and how did he gain power?

Answer 11

Alexander the great was the son of a prominent military leader. He was a soldier who ruled Rome and gained power by conquering Persia India and Egypt and united all those areas into one huge Kingdom which fell apart after he died and became the three Hellenistic Kingdoms.

Question 12

Was Athens government a true democracy?

Answer 12

Yes I believe Athens government was a true democracy because the people held the power, they were able to vote directly on rules, and they had a system of checks and balances so those who held power wouldn’t become corrupt, and social class didn’t affect your ability to hold power.

Question 13

Who was Shi Haungdi?

Answer 13

Shi haungdi was the emperor of China who ruled during the Zhou dynasty. He unified China by ending the warring states period, he was also the first Chinese ruler to hold sole power.

Question 14

What was Chna like politically before Shi Haungdi’s rule and how did it change once he began his rule?

Answer 14

Before he ruled China was divided and was at war with itself, after he began his rule he unified China and enforced the policy of legalism.

Question 15

How did legalism help Shi Haungdi gain and maintain power?

Answer 15

Legalism gave Shi Haungi complete power over China and he used this policy to enforce harsh punishments when a rule he made was broken. This prevented revolts against Shi.

Question 16

From whom did the Romans borrow many of their ideas about literacy, religion, and architecture?

Answer 16

Romans borrowed most of their culture ideas from Greece.

Question 17

Which Religions, ideas, and technologies were spread through the silk road?

Answer 17

Buddhism, Islam, gunpowder, the magnetic compass, horses, and maritime technology were spread through the silk road.

Question 18

What is Hellenistic culture?

Answer 18

Hellenistic culture is the combination of Indian, Roman, Persian, and Egyptian culture.

Question 19

How did Shi Haungdi expand trade in China?

Answer 19

Shi had a standardized road system, money system, and weight system. Having roads made it possible to easily carry goods from place to place, the weight system made sure that everyone was paying the same price for the same amount of goods, and the money system made everyone able to buy things and exchange goods easily and quickly.

Question 20

How did Hellenistic culture spread?

Answer 20

Hellenistic culture spread when Alexander the greats large kingdom broke apart into the 3 Hellenistic Kingdoms.

Question 21

Explain the social Hierarchy of the Roman empire.

Answer 21

The Roman empire had a social hierarchy consisting of 4 social classes. The patricians who were the highest class and wealthy landowners, the plebians who were the majority of the Roman population they were lower class working citizens who at first couldn’t hold power but later gained this right, freedmen who were once slaves but highly educated so they ended up taking jobs in the government or were tradesmen or farmers they were not considered citizens but their children were given full citizenship, slaves were not considered human but property they had no legal rights and were acquired from nearby civilizations conquered by Rome.

Question 22

How did Christianity impact the lives of Christians living in the Roman empire?

Answer 22

Christians living in the Roman empire were persecuted openly for being followers of Jesus until the edicts of Milan and Thessalonica which declared Christianity the official religion of Rome.

Question 23

Why is Hinduism considered both a monotheistic and polytheistic belief system?

Answer 23

It is considered to be monotheistic because the gods they worship are all different variations of one god but it is considered to be polytheistic because they worship many gods.

Question 24

Why did Buddhism reject the caste system?

Answer 24

They rejected the caste system because they didn’t believe in reincarnation they believed in rebirth and reaching nirvana and enlightenment by following the 8 fold path.

Question 25

Who was Ashoka?

Answer 25

He was the emperor of the Maurya Empire in India who spread Buddhism to China and built his rock and pillar edicts telling people how to live their lives.

Question 26

How did Ashoka help develop Buddhism outside of India?

Answer 26

He sent monks throughout trade routes opened through southern India to China

Question 27

What is one similarity between Athens and Sparta’s government?

Answer 27

Both greek city-states were unable to feed their growing cities.

Question 28

Describe the city-state of Athens.

Answer 28

Women were unable to inherit property
They valued architecture 
Was the birthplace of democracy 
Worshipped many gods
Able to trade and travel

Question 29

Describe the city-state of Sparta.

Answer 29

People were brave strong and able to endure all sorts of harsh conditions.
Spartan women could inherit property.
Judged babies potential and if they didn’t think they would be able to live in the harsh conditions of Sparta they would be killed.
Trade was discouraged
Controlled population growth.

Question 30

What do Daoists believe that we should strive to establish?

Answer 30

Daoists believe we should strive to establish peace and harmony with nature.

Question 31

How do Daoists believe peace and harmony can be achieved?

Answer 31

self-development, meditation, and the pursuit of spiritual immortality

Question 32

What should Confucians strive for in society?

Answer 32

Peace and harmony with others in society.

Question 33

How can peace and harmony be accomplished according to Confucians?

Answer 33

Following the 5 constants( humaneness, justice, proper rite, knowledge, and integrity) the 5 relationships, (duties that may arise according to the position of your relationship with others), and filial piety(respect for your elders)

Question 34

What is the sacred text of Confucianism?

Answer 34

The Analects

Question 35

What is the sacred text of Daoism?

Answer 35

The Dao-de-Jing

Question 36

What led to the Han dynasties golden age?

Answer 36

The Han dynasty had a long period of prosperity, peace, and a stable gov. thanks to their newly established civil service exam.

Question 37

What led to the golden age of the Gupta empire?

Answer 37

The Gupta empire had strong military alliances and aggressive expansion policy.

Question 38

What led to the Golden age of the Roman empire?

Answer 38

Cesar Agustus ruled over Rome and during his rule was the most peaceful time during the Roman Empire/ Pax Romana

Question 39

What led to the golden age of Ancient Greece?

Answer 39

Athens victory over Persia, its growing wealth, and increased interest in the arts and architecture led to Greece’s golden age.

Question 40

Name 3 innovations/ accomplishments during the Gupta empire’s golden age.

Answer 40

Literature was encouraged (had 9 scholars known as the 9 gems), They developed negative numbers, made advancements in trigonometry, and used Iron to make swords.

Question 41

Name 3 innovations/ accomplishments during the Roman empire’s golden age.

Answer 41

Developed aqueducts, developed new medical technology, created the dome and arch which continued the legacy left by Greek architecture.

Question 42

Name 3 innovations/ accomplishments during the Grecian empire’s golden age.

Answer 42

Angles were explored and figured out and used to build sound architecture, Hippocratic oath was developed by Hippocrates and advancements were made in the field of medicine, Pythagoras developed the Pythagorean theorem for angles.

Question 43

Name 3 innovations/ accomplishments during the Han dynasties golden age.

Answer 43

Fair recruitment of gov. officials using the civil service exam(ensured gov. leaders were actually fit for job), China’s main export silk’s business was booming, and the developed the magnetic compass to help sailors navigate without the stars.