Unit 6 & 7 Study Guide Flashcards
Prophase
1) Chromosome duplicated
2) the centrioles move to the opposite sides of cells
3) spindle forms
4) nuclear envelop breaks down
Mitosis
is the phase of the cell cycle where cell division occurs
Metaphase
1) chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell
Anaphase
1) centromeres are pulled apart and the chromatids separate to become individual chromosomes
2) the chromosomes separate into two groups near the poles of the cell
Interphase
Is the time between cell divisions; it consists of the G1, S, and G2 phases
Stages of Mitosis in order:
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis
Is the final step in cell division, and completely separates the two daughters from each other
Apoptosis
A process of programmed to cell death
Cancer
a disorder in which body cells lose the ability to control cell growth
Genetics
the scientific study of heredity
Alleles
are different forms of a gene
Dominant (R)
if 1 parent has a dominant allele, the offspring will exhibit that trait
Recessive (r)
both parents need a recessive allele for the offspring to exhibit the trait
Gametes
are sex cells, XX (female) and XY (male), the first X comes from mom, & second X or Y comes from dad
Hybrid
changing the offspring by breeding plants with different characteristics
