unit 6 Flashcards
first branch from the abdominal aorta
celiac trunk
second branch off the abdominal aorta
superior mesenteric artery
we may scan pediatrics and pregnant patient abdomens for
appendicitis
equipment used in abdominal MRI imaging
body coil
bellows
headphones/earplugs
bellows attach around the patients to
monitor breathing
horizontal alignment light should pass through the level of the
third lumbar vertebrae, or lower costal (rib cage) margin
abdominal coronals are prescribed
from the posterior abdominal muscles to the anterior abdominal wall
the abdominal coronal FOV at minimum should include
from the diaphragm down through the kidneys
abdominal axials should cover the area of interest from
superior to inferior
possible artifacts for abdominal imaging
- breathing motion
- peristalsis
- inconsistent breathing
to help eliminate breathing artifacts use
- parallel imaging
- respiratory techniques
- a “navigator” can be used
what divides the liver into right & left lobes
falciform ligament
T/F: the patient is the largest source of field inhomogeneities and susceptibility artifacts in a scan
true
what term is used for something that is applied to refocus the de-phasing after the excitation pulse?
gradient
what are the only 2 kinds of pulse sequences in MRI
GRE & SE
which sequence do you typically run for brains to look for hemorrhage?
GRE
T/F: all pulse sequences start off with an excitation RF pulse and a slide gradient applied at one right after another
false
what is the order of the gradients of how things occur for each slice?
(first to last)
- slice
- phase
- frequency
T/F: a flip angle that produces the maximum signal and T1 contrast is called the Ernst angle
true
what is the “back bone” of MR scanning
SE
T/F: both the SE & GRE are very similar, it is the lack of a 180 degree RF pulse in GRE that is the major difference
true
what is given to the patient to drink before an MR enterography
barium contrast
T/F: the MRCP is used to visualize the biliary duct & the pancreatic duct
true
for abdomen scanning, the superior portion of the axial slices should be
superior to the liver/diaphragm dome
coronal slices for scanning the abdomen should be set up
posterior to anterior
axial slices for scanning the abdomen should be set up
superior to inferior
T/F: In and Out phase imaging is usually done in axial T1 sequences
true
what can commonly lead to artifacts during an abdominal imaging exam
peristalsis & breathing
a patient undergoing an MRCP should fast for
at least 4 hours
where should you center for the abdomen MRI
at the L3 vertebral level
what sequence is used to differentiate adrenal adenomas (that typically contain fat) from carcinomas and metastasis (that do not)
In and Out of phase imaging
the accumulation of excess fluid in the abdominal cavity
ascites
what does MRCP stand for
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography
slices for MRCP
thin slices posterior to anterior through the biliary ducts
used to visualize the biliary ducts & pancreatic duct , also gallstones
MRCP
MRCPs utilize _____ TEs to see the fluid
long
patients fast ____ prior to an MRCP
4 hours
T/F: the kidneys are at slightly different levels in the torso
true
to visualize abdominal aortic dissection the best ,
SSF & contrast enhanced MRA’s are recommended
what pathology is visualized best in MR enterography
crohn’s disease & inflammatory bowel disease
contrast is given ____ before an enterography exam
1 hour
what is given during enterography to slow down the patients peristalsis
glucagon
