UNIT 6🤍🤍 Flashcards
what is a HR objective?🤍
a specific goal or target of relating to the management and performance of human resources in business
what is human resource management?🤍
the design,implementation and maintenance of strategies to manage people for optimum business performance
why has HRM become more important?🤍
most businesses provide services rather than goods so customer service and quality has become vital
what are some aspects of HRM?🤍
workforce planning, recruitment&selection, training and talent development
what is the value of effective HR objectives?🤍
connect HR activites and decision making with overall business objectives.
Link HR with customer service and quality
help create effective working environment
what are some common HRM objectives?🤍
make effective use of workforce potential
Ensure HR are employed cost effectively
Match workforce to business needs
what are internal inuences on HR objectives?🤍
corporate objectives
marketing strategies
financial strategies
what are external influences on HR objectives?🤍
market changes
economic changes
social changes
what is soft HRM?🤍
treats employees as most important resource in the business and as a source of competitive advantage.
employees are treated as individuals and their needs are planned accordingly
what is hard HRM?🤍
treats employees as simply a resouce of the business
strong link with corporate business planning - what resources do we need, how much will we need
what are key measures of HR performance?🤍
labour turnover+staff retention
labour productivity
absenteeism
what is employee retention?🤍
the abiloty of a business to convince its employees to remain with the business
what is labour turnover?🤍
the percentage of the work force that leave a business within a given period
number of employees leaving during period/average number employed during period x100
what are the issues with high staff turnover?🤍
higher costs
increased pressure on remaining staff
disruption to productivity
what factors affect staff turnover?🤍
type of business
pay and other rewards
working conditions
opportunities for promotion
what ways can a business improve staff turnover?🤍
effective recruitment and training
provide competitive pay
reward staff loyalty
job enrichment
why does labour productivity matter?🤍
labour costs are a significant part of total costs
in order to be compeptitive a business needs to keep unit costs down
key factors that influence labour productivity?🤍
skills
motivation
training
reliability
labour productivity formula?🤍
output per period/number of employees
ways to improve labour productivity?🤍
measure performance and set targets
streamline production processes
invest in employee training
problems with trying to improve labour productivity?🤍
costs
potential for employee resistance
employees may demand higher pay
what is absenteeism?🤍
employees intentional or habitual absence from work
why is abesnteeism a significant issue in a business?🤍
significant cost
pressure
often prediftable
absenteeism formula?🤍
number of staff absent during period/numbef employed during period x100
OR
number of days taken off for unauthorised absence during period/ total days worked by workforce over the period of time x100
how to tackle absenteeism?🤍
understand the causes
set targets and monitor trends
have clear sickness and absence policy
what is an organisational structure?🤍
shows how people and managment are organised in business
what does organisational structure determine?🤍
authority and responsibility
individual roles and titles
people to whom are accountable
what factors influence organisational structure?🤍
size of business
type of business
management and leadership style
competitive environment
what is the span of control?🤍
narrow or wide span of control?🤍
what does span of control depend on?🤍
what is the chain of command?🤍
what are the levels of hierarchy?🤍
common types of organisational structure?🤍
tall structures🤍
flat structures?🤍
what is delayering?🤍
benefits and drawbacks of delayering?🤍
what is delegation?🤍
key issues with delegation?🤍
what is employee empowerment?🤍
why change the organisational sturcture?🤍
challenges with changing organisational structure?🤍
who makes the decisions?🤍
centralised decision-making?🤍
benefits and drawbacks of centralisation?🤍
decentralised decision-making🤍
benefits and drawbacks of decentralisation🤍
job design?🤍
what is job enrichment?🤍
what is job enlargement?🤍
key influences on job design?🤍
reasons to recruit staff🤍
changes in employment patterns?🤍
advantages and disadvantages of part-time and flexible working?🤍
recruitment methods🤍
internal recuitment - adv+dis🤍
external recruitment- adv+dis🤍
costs and benefits of training🤍
benefits of training for a business🤍
why businesses need training🤍
business issues that training cannot solve🤍
reasons why business neglect training?🤍
induction training?🤍
typical induction programme?🤍
on-the-job training?🤍
methods of on the job training🤍
benefits and drawbacks of on the job training🤍
off the job training🤍
methods of off the job training🤍
benefits of off the job training🤍
main types of off the job training🤍
link between training and motivation🤍
redeployment🤍
potential benefits of redeployment vs redundancy🤍
redundancy🤍
HR options to avoid costly redundancies🤍
what is motivation🤍
what are the methods available to motivate employees🤍
three classic theories of motivation🤍
taylors theory of motivation🤍
taylors approach to management🤍
maslows theory of motivation🤍
herzberg’s theory of motivation🤍
three elements to employee engagement🤍
employee engagement vs motivation
reasons why people go to work🤍
main financial incentives🤍
main non financial incentives 🤍
fringe benefits🤍
wages vs salaries🤍
overtime vs bonus pay🤍
what is profit sharing🤍
profit sharing - adv+dis🤍
performance related pay🤍
piece rate payment🤍
commission🤍
what is employee representation🤍
legal requirement to consult w employees🤍
good reasons for a formal system of employee representation🤍
employee representation - adv+dis🤍
main role of trade unions🤍
two main functions of trade unions🤍
advantages for employee of having good relationship with trade unions🤍
reasons for declining union membership🤍
main methods of industrial action🤍
who suffers from industrial action🤍
avoiding industrial disputes🤍
works councils🤍
typical agenda for works councils🤍
settling disputes using ACAS🤍
mediation🤍
conciliation🤍
arbitration🤍
