Unit 6

Question 1

Prokaryotes have what type of chromosomes

Answer 1

Circular

Question 2

Eukaryotes have what type of chromosomes

Answer 2

Linear

Question 3

What are the extra chromosomes called?

Answer 3

Plasmids

Question 4

Plasmids are used for what two things

Answer 4

1- spare genes
2- anti-biotic resistance

Question 5

DNA and RNA are both

Answer 5

Nucleotides

Question 6

What is the structure of a section of the helix?

Answer 6

First goes the phosphate group, then the nitrogenous base (A,T,C,U,G), and lastly, the pentose sugar

Question 7

DNA’s sugar is

Answer 7

Deoxyribose

Question 8

RNA’s sugar is

Answer 8

Ribose

Question 9

The bonds between A——T

Answer 9

Are Hydrogen bonds

Question 10

In which strand is there to be more mutations?

Answer 10

Lagging strand

Question 11

Where does the lagging strand start?

Answer 11

Backwards and has to stop and wait for it to unwind

Question 12

Helicase

Answer 12

Unwinds the double helix

Question 13

Single strand binding proteins (SSBPs)

Answer 13

Holds unwound DNA strands

Question 14

Primase

Answer 14

Synthesizes shirt RNA Primer (starting point for replication)

Question 15

DNA ligase

Answer 15

Is the glue, that joins Okazaki fragments

Question 16

What creates NEW DNA?

Answer 16

DNA Polymerase

Question 17

What is the strand that continuously moves without stopping?

Answer 17

Leading strand

Question 18

What do you call the small fragments?

Answer 18

Okazaki Fragments

Question 19

What cuts DNA molecules?

Answer 19

Restriction enzyme