Unit 5 Study Flashcards
What’s makes body cells?
Mitosis
What makes Gametes?
Meiosis
What do Body cells do? (Mitosis)
For growth and damage fix
How many [PMAT] in Mitosis and Meiosis?
(1) Mitosis
(2) Meiosis
When do Chromosomes don’t cross over?
Prophase 2
Alleles are the what?
A section on a chromosome
Phenotype
Is observable expression of a genotype
(Ex) tall plant
Genotype
A genotype is their sequence of DNA
(Ex) TT
What moves Chromosomes?
Spindle fibers from centrioles
Why doesn’t prophase 2 cross over?
Because allele can switch back if they cross over again.
What’s called reduction devision?
Meiosis
What’s called cell division?
Mitosis
Homozygous
BB or bb
Heterozygous
Bb
Diploid
Refers to two sets of chromosomes
Haploid
One set of chromosomes
Locus
Position of a allele on a chromosome
What do we do first when you have AaBb x AaBb and we want to find percent of bb
1) We make a punnet scare starting with just Aa and the other Aa.
2) Then we do the same but with bB.
What CANT linked genes do?
Independently assort
Sex chromosomes are…
X-linked
Male
XY
Female
XX
X-linked recessive Female
X^h X^h
X-linked with disease Male
X^h Y
To show a recessive trait what must the genotype be?
Two lower case
Ex) oo or bb
If a pedigree shows most males have the disease and it in half of the generations then..
It’s a sex linked dominant genotype
If pedigree shows: less than half have the disease and both Female and Male have it
Autosomal recessive
Males get what from dad and mom
Dad gives Y and Mom gives X
Females get what form dad and mom
Get both X’s
Multiple Genes
Means multiple of Genes needed to make one trait
Non-nuclear (Mitochondrial) Inheritance
Means passed from mother
Incomplete Dominace
- Blending together
- Heterozygous recessive
(Ex) rr x yy = ry
Shows both red and yellow= orange - Shows a third phenotype
Codominance
1.Both Alleles are expressed equally
2.neither dominant or recessive
How many h do females need?
2 because they have two X chromosomes so need 2 h to get hemophilia unlike males
Homologous Chromosomes
Chromosomes that are exactly the same as parents
[PMAT] 2 divides what?
Sister chromatids into 23 each
Independent Assortment
Alleles of two different genes will independently move into two daughter cells, unless linked in one chromosome then they will be inherited together.
