Unit 5b

Question 1

Control condition

Baseline condition

Answer 1

A condition or phase of an experiment in which the

independent variable is not present.

Question 2

Experimental condition
Treatment condition
Intervention condition
Independent variable condition

Answer 2

A condition or phase in which the independent

variable is present.

Question 3

Functional relation

Answer 3

An experimentally determined relation that shows
that the dependent variable depends on or is a
function of the independent variable and nothing else.

Question 4

Experimental control

Answer 4

The management or control of different variables in a
study, including the independent variable and
extraneous variables.

Question 5

Treatment integrity

Answer 5

The extent to which the independent variable is

consistently implemented as designed.

Question 6

Tactics to manage extraneous variables

Answer 6

• Eliminate
• Hold constant
• Evaluate experimentally

Question 7

Replication

Answer 7

Repetition of any parts of an experiment

Question 8

Reproduction

Answer 8

Repetition of results, usually as an outcome of

repetition of procedures.

Question 9

Within-session replication

Answer 9

Repetition of a basic element of a procedure

throughout each session.

Question 10

Within-phase replication

Answer 10

Repetition of the same condition many times in

succession throughout a phase.

Question 11

Within-experiment replication

Answer 11

Repetition of an entire phase during the course of an

experiment.

Question 12

Within-literature replication

Answer 12

Repetition of an earlier experiment, usually by other

researchers.

Question 13

Across-research-literature replication

Answer 13

Repetition of phenomena under different conditions

across different fields of science.

Question 14

Functions of replication

Answer 14

• Reliability (if repeat procedure, get same effect?)

* Generality (if change procedure, get same effect?)

Question 15

AB design

Answer 15

A within-subject experimental design composed of a

control and an experimental condition

Question 16

Reversal design

Answer 16

A within-subject experimental design involving a pair
of control and experimental conditions in which one
or both conditions repeat at least once.

Question 17

Multi-element design

Alternating-treatments design

Answer 17

A variation of a reversal design that exposes a
participant first to one condition and then to another
in some form of repeated alternation.

Question 18

Changing criterion design

Answer 18

A within-subject, single baseline design using AB and
reversal sequences to identify effects of manipulating
performance criteria.

Question 19

Parametric design

Answer 19

A within-subject, single baseline design using AB and
reversal sequences to identify effects of manipulating
a specific parameter of a procedure.

Question 20

Multiple baseline design

Answer 20

A within-subject design that uses two or more
baselines in a coordinated way to allow controltreatment
comparisons both within and across
baselines.

Question 21

Requirements for comparing responding

across multiple baselines

Answer 21

• Each baseline must be independent of the others
• The sensitivity of each baseline to the intervention must
eventually be demonstrated
• When the intervention is ongoing in one baseline, the
control condition must be ongoing in other baselines.
• There must be sufficient temporal overlap between
intervention and control conditions in different baselines to
allow extraneous effects to develop
• Extraneous variables associated with the intervention
condition must have the opportunity of influencing
responding under the control condition

Question 22

Exploratory data analysis (EDA)

Answer 22

An approach to data analysis that emphasizes largely
graphical techniques focusing on discovering order
and structure in the data.

Question 23

Linear interval scale

Answer 23

A measurement scale that allows descriptions of
events that show how much they differ in terms of
equal intervals between values.

Question 24

Logarithmic interval scale

Answer 24

A measurement scale that allows description of
events that show how much they differ in terms of
equal rations between values.

Question 25

No chance day

Answer 25

A plotting convention referring to days on which the
target behavior could not have occurred. Data points
bracketing such days should not be connected in line
graphs.

Question 26

Ignored day

Answer 26

A plotting convention referring to days on which the
target behavior could have occurred but was not
measured. Data points bracketing such days should
be connected in line graphs.

Question 27

Generality

Answer 27

The meaningfulness of experimental interpretations
under circumstances different from those that
generated the data.