unit 5a Flashcards
Purpose of Topical Anesthetics
Numbs the surface of a body part
Uses of Topical Anesthetic
Removal of superficial foreign bodies
Metallic Foreign Body
Uses of Topical Anesthetic
Removal of superficial foreign bodies
Metallic Foreign Body
Sensory Nerve Pathway
High density of nerves in cornea
* Sensory information travels from cornea (v. sensitive)
Reduces nerve conduction
◦ Reduces sodium permeability
◦ Nerve impulse does not transmit
To stop a small area of the body from experiencing pain, you stop the flow of sodium i____. This is done through a_
1) IONS`
2) anesthetic
alcaine, fluress benoxinate, tetracaine are types of TOPICAL A___
anesthetics
ALCAINE (proparacaine hydrochloride) may cause (1) ___ side effects like swelling of face, throat, blurred vision, itching etc.
(2) Anaphylaxis is a __ allergic reaction to ALCAINE
(3) The most COMMON side effects of ALCAINE are cracked ____ in fingertips or skin ___.
- serious side effects
- severe allergic reaction
- cracked skin or skin rash
Using a topical SOLUTION (e.g. for cataracts) usually starts working within __ seconds.
Must keep ALCAINE on the counter or in the fridge?
30 SECONDS
FRIDGE
A TOPICAL anesthetic that is hard to get is 10% liquid _.
It must be c___.
Some CONTRAINDICATIONS include dry _ or corneal _
liquid cocaine
compounded
dry eye or corneal breakdown
Symptoms of HORNER’s SYNDROME
- drooping of (upper or lower) lid
- constriction of the _
- sinking of _ into face
- no _ on that side of face
- upper lid
- pupil
- eyeball
- sweating
B/c of longterm side effects, Don’t let a patient do what with anesthetic drops?
don’t let patient TAKE DROPS HOME
MYDRIasis is the ___ or ___ of pupil
dilation or enlargement
CYCLOPlegia is temporary _ of c___ muscle
temporary PARALYSIS of CILIARY muscle
DILATION is used for
1) a general ocular health ___
2) to monitor _ (diabetes)
3) view all parts of _
- evaluation (or exam)
- disease
- retina
CYCLOPLEGIC REFRACTION is used to r_ the ACCOMMODATIVE factor
remove
AMBLYopic therapy: suppresses the vision in __ eye to force the use of the _ eye
good eye suppressed
forces poor/bad eye
PAIN MANAGEMENT (e.g. unveitis) stops spasms of _ (eye part) and reduces pain
iris
CONTRAINDICATIONS OF DILATING DROPS.
1. If a__ to preservatives, use preservative-free drops
2. If patient has NARROW anterior chamber angle, it could lead to angle closure g___ as i__ moves to side
3. If patient has iris fixed to intraocular lens, will __if iris is dilated
4. Pupil evalution for NEUROlogical issues must be done (before or after?) dilation
- allergic
- glaucoma/iris
- rip or tear
- before
Standard position of IOL is (in front of / behind) pupil.
BEHIND
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF dilating drops:
1. __ vision
2. stinging
3. photo___
4. glare
5. lasts long for __ coloured eyes
- blurred vision
- photoPHOBIA
- LIGHT-coloured eyes
- CHOLINERGIC receptors are part of PARAsympathetic system - antagonist to this leads to d_____
- ADRENERGIC are part of _ system - directly leads to DILATION
- dilation
- SYMPATHETIC system
Dilation drops have a _ cap colour
red
HOMOTROPINE
1. helps to manage pain associated with ____ (anterior/interior) UVEITIS
2. Has a (strong/weak) MYDRIATIC effect
3. Has a (strong week) CYCLOPLEGIC effect
- anterior
- strong
- weaks
ATROPINE
1. is a (strong/weak) mydriatic/cycloglegic
2. treats AMBLYOPIA
3. slows progression of _
4. can cause dry _ or rapid _ or disorientation
5. be careful with people who are old, children, or have __ syndrome
- strong
- myopia
- dry mouth, rapid pulse
- Down Syndrome
- Alpha ADRENERGIC agonist binds to the a__ receptor on i_ dilator muscle (alpha binding is MYDRIASIS)
- ADRENERGIC drugs maximize DILATION and screens for diseases like _ . An adverse reaction is risk of c__ event
1.alpha receptor
iris
- diabetes
- cardiovascular event
DILATING drugs are usually give by _, but can also be a __ bottle or a pledget (which is a _ swab)
drops
spray bottle
cotton swak
sulPHONaMIDES inhibit f__ acid sythesis during b_ nucelotide producion
SULPHONAMIDES are (broad/narrow) spectrum
stop FOLIC acid
broad spectrum
