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hscl 309 (pathology) > unit 5a > Flashcards

unit 5a Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of Topical Anesthetics

A

Numbs the surface of a body part

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2
Q

Uses of Topical Anesthetic

A

Removal of superficial foreign bodies
Metallic Foreign Body

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3
Q

Uses of Topical Anesthetic

A

Removal of superficial foreign bodies
Metallic Foreign Body

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4
Q

Sensory Nerve Pathway

A

High density of nerves in cornea
* Sensory information travels from cornea (v. sensitive)

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5
Q

Reduces nerve conduction

A

◦ Reduces sodium permeability
◦ Nerve impulse does not transmit

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6
Q

To stop a small area of the body from experiencing pain, you stop the flow of sodium i____. This is done through a_

A

1) IONS`
2) anesthetic

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7
Q

alcaine, fluress benoxinate, tetracaine are types of TOPICAL A___

A

anesthetics

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8
Q

ALCAINE (proparacaine hydrochloride) may cause (1) ___ side effects like swelling of face, throat, blurred vision, itching etc.

(2) Anaphylaxis is a __ allergic reaction to ALCAINE

(3) The most COMMON side effects of ALCAINE are cracked ____ in fingertips or skin ___.

A
  1. serious side effects
  2. severe allergic reaction
  3. cracked skin or skin rash
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9
Q

Using a topical SOLUTION (e.g. for cataracts) usually starts working within __ seconds.

Must keep ALCAINE on the counter or in the fridge?

A

30 SECONDS

FRIDGE

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10
Q

A TOPICAL anesthetic that is hard to get is 10% liquid _.

It must be c___.

Some CONTRAINDICATIONS include dry _ or corneal _

A

liquid cocaine

compounded

dry eye or corneal breakdown

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11
Q

Symptoms of HORNER’s SYNDROME

  1. drooping of (upper or lower) lid
  2. constriction of the _
  3. sinking of _ into face
  4. no _ on that side of face
A
  1. upper lid
  2. pupil
  3. eyeball
  4. sweating
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12
Q

B/c of longterm side effects, Don’t let a patient do what with anesthetic drops?

A

don’t let patient TAKE DROPS HOME

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13
Q

MYDRIasis is the ___ or ___ of pupil

A

dilation or enlargement

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14
Q

CYCLOPlegia is temporary _ of c___ muscle

A

temporary PARALYSIS of CILIARY muscle

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15
Q

DILATION is used for
1) a general ocular health ___
2) to monitor _ (diabetes)
3) view all parts of _

A
  1. evaluation (or exam)
  2. disease
  3. retina
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16
Q

CYCLOPLEGIC REFRACTION is used to r_ the ACCOMMODATIVE factor

A

remove

17
Q

AMBLYopic therapy: suppresses the vision in __ eye to force the use of the _ eye

A

good eye suppressed
forces poor/bad eye

18
Q

PAIN MANAGEMENT (e.g. unveitis) stops spasms of _ (eye part) and reduces pain

A

iris

19
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS OF DILATING DROPS.
1. If a__ to preservatives, use preservative-free drops
2. If patient has NARROW anterior chamber angle, it could lead to angle closure g___ as i__ moves to side
3. If patient has iris fixed to intraocular lens, will __if iris is dilated
4. Pupil evalution for NEUROlogical issues must be done (before or after?) dilation

A
  1. allergic
  2. glaucoma/iris
  3. rip or tear
  4. before
20
Q

Standard position of IOL is (in front of / behind) pupil.

A

BEHIND

21
Q

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF dilating drops:
1. __ vision
2. stinging
3. photo___
4. glare
5. lasts long for __ coloured eyes

A
  1. blurred vision
  2. photoPHOBIA
  3. LIGHT-coloured eyes
22
Q
  1. CHOLINERGIC receptors are part of PARAsympathetic system - antagonist to this leads to d_____
  2. ADRENERGIC are part of _ system - directly leads to DILATION
A
  1. dilation
  2. SYMPATHETIC system
23
Q

Dilation drops have a _ cap colour

A

red

24
Q

HOMOTROPINE
1. helps to manage pain associated with ____ (anterior/interior) UVEITIS
2. Has a (strong/weak) MYDRIATIC effect
3. Has a (strong week) CYCLOPLEGIC effect

A
  1. anterior
  2. strong
  3. weaks
25
Q

ATROPINE
1. is a (strong/weak) mydriatic/cycloglegic
2. treats AMBLYOPIA
3. slows progression of _
4. can cause dry _ or rapid _ or disorientation
5. be careful with people who are old, children, or have __ syndrome

A
  1. strong
  2. myopia
  3. dry mouth, rapid pulse
  4. Down Syndrome
26
Q
  1. Alpha ADRENERGIC agonist binds to the a__ receptor on i_ dilator muscle (alpha binding is MYDRIASIS)
  2. ADRENERGIC drugs maximize DILATION and screens for diseases like _ . An adverse reaction is risk of c__ event
A

1.alpha receptor
iris

  1. diabetes
  2. cardiovascular event
27
Q

DILATING drugs are usually give by _, but can also be a __ bottle or a pledget (which is a _ swab)

A

drops
spray bottle
cotton swak

28
Q

sulPHONaMIDES inhibit f__ acid sythesis during b_ nucelotide producion

SULPHONAMIDES are (broad/narrow) spectrum

A

stop FOLIC acid

broad spectrum

hscl 309 (pathology) (6 decks)

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