Unit 5 - WWII and the Holocaust

Question 1

Holocaust

Answer 1

Systematic murder of Europe’s Jews by the Nazis and their collaborators during the Second World War.

Question 2

Genocide

Answer 2

Violence against members of a national, ethnic, racial or religious group with the intent to destroy the entire group.

Question 3

Dictator

Answer 3

To grant a person absolute or unlimited government power during an emergency.

Question 4

Totalitarian

Answer 4

A form of government that attempts to assert total control over the lives of its citizens.

Question 5

Scapegoat

Answer 5

Person, group, or thing forced to take blame for the crimes or mistakes of others.

Question 6

Fascism

Answer 6

A political movement that promotes an extreme form of nationalism, a denial of individual rights, and a dictatorial one-party rule.

Question 7

Nazism

Answer 7

A form of fascism, with disdain for liberal democracy and the parliamentary system.

Question 8

Appeasement

Answer 8

Foreign policy of pacifying an aggrieved country through negotiation in order to prevent war.

Question 9

Lend Lease Act

Answer 9

Act set up a system that would allow the United States to lend or lease war supplies to any nation deemed “vital to the defense of the United States”.

Question 10

Rationing

Answer 10

Setting limits on purchasing certain high-demand items.

Question 11

Conservation

Answer 11

The act of consciously and efficiently using land and/or its natural resources.

Question 12

Internment

Answer 12

The forced relocation by the U.S. government of thousands of Japanese Americans to detention camps during World War II, beginning in 1942.

Question 13

Siege

Answer 13

A military blockade of a city or fortified place to compel it to surrender.

Question 14

Island Hopping

Answer 14

Skipping over heavily fortified islands in order to seize lightly defended locations that could support the next advance.

Question 15

Atomic Bomb/Manhattan Project

Answer 15

Top-secret World War II government program in which the United States rushed to develop and deploy the world’s first atomic weapons before Nazi Germany.

Question 16

Nuclear Radiation

Answer 16

Energy released as high-speed charged particles or electromagnetic waves. Radiation can come from many sources, both natural and manufactured. All living things are constantly exposed to low doses of radiation from rocks, sunlight and cosmic rays. Very harmful.

Question 17

United Nations

Answer 17

An intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a center for harmonizing the actions of nations.

Question 18

Concentration Camps

Answer 18

Internment center for political prisoners and members of national or minority groups. A camp in which people are detained or confined, usually under harsh conditions and without regard to legal norms of arrest and imprisonment that are acceptable in a constitutional democracy.

Question 19

Ghetto

Answer 19

Desolate sections of Nazi-occupied cities where Jews were held before being shipped to death camps.

Question 20

Persecution

Answer 20

The act of harassing or oppressing a person or a group of people, especially because of their identity.

Question 21

Kristallnacht

Answer 21

Nazis in Germany torched synagogues, vandalized Jewish homes, schools and businesses, and murdered close to 100 Jews.

Question 22

Final Solution

Answer 22

Referred to the mass murder of Europe’s Jews. It brought an end to policies aimed at encouraging or forcing Jews to leave the German Reich and other parts of Europe.

Question 23

Liberation

Answer 23

The act of setting someone free from imprisonment, slavery, or oppression.

Question 24

Nuremberg Trails

Answer 24

Allied governments established the first international criminal tribunals to prosecute high-level political officials and military authorities for war crimes and other wartime atrocities.

Question 25

Declaration of Human Rights

Answer 25

Is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings.

Question 26

Zimmerman Note

Answer 26

A secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico if the United States entered World War I against Germany.

Question 27

Freedom of the Seas

Answer 27

The right of merchant ships to move freely on the seas in peace or war without interference except in territorial zones.

Question 28

Fourteen Points

Answer 28

A statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I. The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918 speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow Wilson.

Question 29

Espionage Act of 1917

Answer 29

An act to punish acts of interference with the foreign relations, and the foreign commerce of the United States, to punish espionage, and better to enforce the criminal laws of the United States, and for other purposes.

Question 30

Teapot Dome Scandal

Answer 30

Bribery scandal involving the administration of United States President Warren G. Harding from 1921 to 1923.

Question 31

Great Migration

Answer 31

The movement of 6 million African Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West.

Question 32

Cash and Carry

Answer 32

Lifted the arms embargo and put all trade with belligerent nations under the terms of “cash-and-carry.” Made to keep isolationism.

Question 33

Nisei

Answer 33

A person born in the US whose parents were immigrants from Japan.

Question 34

Executive Order 9066

Answer 34

Stripping people of Japanese descent of their civil rights. Japanese interment camps.

Question 35

The Final Solution

Answer 35

The murder of all Jews within reach, which was not restricted to the European continent.

Question 36

Washington Naval Conference

Answer 36

Nine nations were invited to Washington, D.C. (Not the Soviet Union). It was the first international conference held in the United Sates and the first disarmament conference in history.

Question 37

Peace Corps

Answer 37

A U.S. organization that trains and sends people who work without pay to help poor people in other countries.

Question 38

War Powers Act of 1973

Answer 38

Intended to limit the President's authority to wage war and reasserted its authority over foreign wars. President Nixon vetoed the bill. However, Congress overrode his veto, and the resolution became law following the U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam in early 1973.