Unit 5 Test

Question 1

Name changes that Augustus made that led to the Pax Romana

Answer 1

• He gave slaves and former slaves the chance to be part of the government
• He pushed Rome’s borders to natural boundaries for increased defense
• He gave provincial governors long terms pf offices and large salaries to decrease corruption
• He made Roman citizenship available to people in the provinces
• He ordered a census to ensure that taxes were fair

Question 2

Who was the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity? What happened because of this>

Answer 2

• Constantine I
• Christianity became acceptable to practice in Rome. Eventually it would become the official Roman religion.

Question 3

How was the government in the Roman Republic different from the government in the Roman Empire?

Answer 3

• During the Republic, the government was ruled by a pair of consuls chosen by the Senate. The two consuls were elected to one-year terms and had the power to veto each other.
• During the Roman Empire, the government was ruled by an emperor. The emperor served for life and was to be worshipped as a god. There was no defined line of succession, so there was frequent fighting between those who wanted to be the next emperor.

Question 4

What is a triumvirate?

Answer 4

A triumvirate is a group of three people sharing equal power of the government.

Question 5

What did Julius Caesar do to improve the Roman government?

Answer 5

• Caesar created reforms that helped out the citizens of Rome…especially the lower class
• He redistributed lands to ex-soldiers
• He began public works projects such as roads
• He planned public games that were free for people to attend

Question 6

Where would the Romans watch the chariot races?

Answer 6

In the Circus Maximus

Question 7

Where were the gladiator fights and the public executions held?

Answer 7

The Colosseum

Question 8

What was The Pantheon?

Answer 8

The Pantheon was used as a place of worship for the Roman religion and Christianity

Question 9

What helped Christianity spread in the Roman Empire…name three things

Answer 9

• The peace of the Pax Romana – it was safe for missionaries to travel around Rome and promote Christianity
• It was helpful that most Romans could speak Latin or Greek – they could communicate with more people
• Because Christianity offered a better life after death, the poor and enslaved people embraced the religion

Question 10

Who killed Julius Casaer? Why was he murdered?

Answer 10

• A group of 60 Senators worked out a plan to murder Caesar. On March 15, 44 B.C. (The Ides of March) Caesar was stabbed to death when he walked into a meeting of the Senate by Brutus and Cassius.
• The Senate was afraid of his popularity and power. They saw him trying to take over as a king.

Question 11

How were the housing conditions different in the lives of the wealthy and poor in Rome?

Answer 11

• The rich lived in single-family homes called a domus. Many of these homes had running water.
• The poor lived in poorly-built apartment buildings that had no running water. They collected their water from a local fountain and brought it to the apartment.

Question 12

How were the food conditions different in the lives of the wealthy and poor in Rome?

Answer 12

• Both generally ate the same type of food, but the cuts and preparation were different
• The wealthy would get more food and better cuts of the meat
• The rich had more ways to prepare the food such as broiling or barbecuing… the poor could not afford these things

Question 13

How were the living conditions different in the lives of the wealthy and poor in Rome?

Answer 13

• The poor had to live in buildings that were cheaply made…they often fell down or burned
• There were not many jobs for the poor… and they had low wages, but high taxes

Question 14

What are the 3 major reasons that Rome Empire collapsed?

Answer 14

• The political reason – There was no set line of succession of the emperors. After an emperor died, there were battles and fighting as armies hoped to put their own generals on the throne next.
• The economic reason – High taxes and inflation. Emperors raised taxes to continue paying for the support of the army. Inflation meant that the prices of goods were rising higher than most people could afford.
• Attacks from foreign enemies. – Rome gave the Germanic barbarians land and let them settle in the empire. But when Rome never followed through with all of their promises, the barbarians revolted.