unit 5 test Flashcards
study
main person in battle of tours
charles”the hammer” martel
date of battle of tours
732 ad
who was defeated in battle of tours
the muslims
why is battle of tours a turning point
christianity=main religion
moors
muslims
witan
kings council for important matter
Danelaw
Part of England where Danes resided
danegeld
Tax Danes had to pay
Feudalism definition
The social, economic, and political system of the Middle Ages based on protection and land in exchange for goods and services. The person providing the protection and land was the lord, and the person rendering the goods and services was the vassal.
facts of Charlemagne
Value of education and of Christianity
facts of Charlemagne
Crowning as the Holy Roman Emperor
facts of Charlemagne
pope leo III crowned charlamegne
facts of Charlemagne
800 ad Charlamagne crowned
holy roman empire name
succerers believed roman and holy
What did each man, Charlemagne and Pope Leo III, believe about his power in Western Europe?
believed chosen by god and successor of roman empire
Why was the feudal system tremendously important in medieval times?
social rankings and steady political power
lord
person giving land and protection to vassals
vassals
people giving services to lord
fief
estate of land in feudalism
bailiff
served lord and collected rent
serf
peasant or slave
nobility
: king, dukes, knights, counts, etc…
commoners
peasants bailiffs, craftsmen, serfs …
clergy
Pope, archbishop, bishop, parish priest
medieval manor
Manor house
3 large fields
Common pasture
Fallow
Manor
Houses
CHURCH
head tax
taxed certain amount for every individual
inheritance tax
tax for inheriting estate
villain to acquire freedom
escape for year and a day
motte and bailey castle
keep at top
bailey below
motte surrounds
concentric castle
arrow loops
murder holes
portcullis
big walls
big center
multiple wall layers
gothic architecture
pointy
external buttresses
vertical
romanesque architecture
round arches
thick walls
Christendom
area of europe united under christianity
Cathedral and Cathedra
cathedral=bishops church
cathedra=bishops chair
relic
belonged to saint
Canon Law
Law of church
hierarchy
Pope; Archbishop; Bishop; Parish Priest
diocese
district of witch bishop controls
tithe
Church tax - 1/10 of everyone’s produce
monasteries
Self-Sufficient
Infirmarian
takes care of ill monks or nuns
copyist
copies text mostly religious such as bible
illuminist
draws religious pictures in text
friar
religious man who took vow of poverty
pilgrime
person who travels to sacred place for religious reasons
Fall of the Roman Empire
476AD
Dark Ages
600AD - 800AD
Middle Ages
800AD - 1450AD
King Alfred the Great (King of Wessex)
849AD - 900AD
The Second Barbarian Wave (Vikings)
800AD - 1000AD
Battle of Hastings
1066AD
The Crusades
1100AD - 1300AD
The Black Death arrives in Europe area
1347AD
Renaissance, Reformation, Age of Exploration
1450AD - 1650AD
Beowulf Themes
Heroism and Loyalty
is beowulf a epic
long
heroic
passed down
has morrals
What is the role of “wyrd” (fate) in the text?
Everything happens for a reason
No way of changing
Beowulf meant to win
Meant to help
Wiglaf meant to stay
Beowulf meant to die
Reason beowulf dies
How do we see fear represented in the text?
to afraid to fight
things breaking
What symbolic images are used in the poem and what does each represent?
heorot=holy, achievement, special, and grand
dragons treasure=greed
grendell arm and head=victory/achievement
what does Grendel represent
Jealousy
Jealous of happiness
Took over heorot
Jealous of heorot
Jealous of their happiness
Despair
Danes lost hope
Thought would never get heorot back
Beowulf saves
Grendel = despair to the Danes
what does Grendel’s mom represent
Revenge
Revenges son
Challenges Beowulf
Tries to revenge son
Beowulf killed son
Want to revenge him
what does the dragon represent
Greed
Awakened after small thing was stolen
Had tons of treasure/gold
rich
Got mad after stollen from
Terrorizes village
Revenge
Terrorizes village for revenge
Got stolen from
Why is Wiglaf and what does he represent?
Perfect companion and bravery
Always stuck by Beowulf
Stayed when things got hard
Never backed down
Helped Beowulf
Only person who stayed with him
Why is Beowulf so highly revered?
hero
helped danes
warrior
saved them