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AP Psych- Units 1-7 > Unit 5- States of Consciousness (2-4%) > Flashcards

Unit 5- States of Consciousness (2-4%) Flashcards

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1
Q

Latent content

A

According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content)

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2
Q

Activation-synthesis theory

A

Neural activity is random, and dreams are our brains trying to understand it.

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3
Q

Sleepwalking

A

Performing motor acts while sleeping and then not remembering when you awaken. Happens during deep sleep (NREM stage 3)

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4
Q

REM Rebound

A

The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation.

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5
Q

Hypnosis

A

An artificially induced trance state resembling sleep.

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6
Q

Psychoanalytic dream theory

A

the process of explaining the meaning of the way the unconscious thoughts and emotions are processed in the mind during sleep.

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7
Q

Manifest Content

A

According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its hidden or latent content)

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8
Q

Circadian Rhythms

A

Biological clock, regular body rhythms

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9
Q

Sleep

A

Periodic, natural loss of consciousness. Not the same as unconsciousness in coma or hibernation.

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10
Q

Effects of sleep deprivation

A 
Hunger
High stress
Less productivity
More mistakes
Irritability
Fatigue
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11
Q

REM Sleep

A

Dream sleep (vivid dreams)
Rapid eye movement sleep
Muscles are relaxed while other body systems are active

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12
Q

NREM Sleep

A

Non rapid eye movement sleep

Encompasses all stages of sleep except REM (Stages 1-4)

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13
Q

Consciousness

A

Awareness of ourselves and our environment.
Examples: States of Consciesness
Sleep, wake, altered states (drugs, daydreaming, hypnosis)

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14
Q

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

A

A machine that records rapid eye movement and brain wave patterns. It’s used to study sleep patterns.

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15
Q

Hypnagogic State

A

Occurs in stage 1 of sleep. It’s when your body may suddenly jerk or when your floating weightlessly. These sensations may later be converted into memories.

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16
Q

Stage 2 Sleep

A

Sleep spindles appear and you start to relax more deeply during this stage.

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17
Q

NREM Stage 3 Sleep

A

Your brain emits large, slow delta waves. You are hard to awaken during this stage. Bed wetting and sleep walking are most likely to occur in this stage.

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18
Q

Dreams

A

A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer’s delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it.

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19
Q

Night Terrors

A

Typically experienced by children during deep sleep, these bouts of terror, anxiety, sweating, and panic are often not remembered the next day.

20
Q

Hallucinations

A

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

21
Q

Delta Waves

A

Large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

22
Q

Insomnia

A

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.

23
Q

Narcolepsy

A

A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The suffer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

24
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings. Obesity is a risk factor.

25
Q

Alpha Waves

A

The relatively slow brain waves of being relaxed but awake state.

26
Q

Psychological Dependence

A

A psychological need to use a drug, such as to release negative emotions.

27
Q

Depressants

A

Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions.

28
Q

Examples of Depressant Drugs

A

Alcohol, Opiates, Barbiturates

29
Q

Alcohol

A

A depressant drug, calms neural activity and slows body functions.

30
Q

Stimulants

A

Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.

31
Q

Caffeine

A

A stimulant drug, the world’s most widely consumed psychoactive substance.

32
Q

Amphetamine

A

Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing sped up body functions and associated energy and mood changes.

33
Q

Lucid Dreaming

A

The ability to be aware of and direct dreams.

34
Q

Posthypnotic suggestion

A

A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized

35
Q

Dissociation

A

A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

36
Q

Meditation

A

A spiritual practice and a form of alternative medicine that aims to provide physical relaxation and mental clarity

37
Q

Psychoactive drugs

A

A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

38
Q

Tolerance

A

The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the use to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect

39
Q

Withdrawal

A

The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug

40
Q

Physical dependence

A

A physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued

41
Q

Cocaine

A

Central nervous system stimulant that depletes the brain of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine

42
Q

Nicotine

A

Highly addictive, mild stimulant found in tobacco.

43
Q

Narcotics

A

Examples include codeine and morphine which are most often prescribed for pain relief. Also called Opiates or Opioids.

44
Q

Opiates

A

Opium and its derivatives. Depress neural functioning and cause pain relief and anxiety relief. Highly addictive. Also known as Narcotics.

45
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory experiences in the absence of sensory input. LSD and marijuana fall under this category.

46
Q

LSD

A

A powerful hallucinogen that can cause vivid hallucinations

AP Psych- Units 1-7 (7 decks)

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