Unit 5: Quest - Chapter 16: The Gilded Age

Question 1

Define the term: Robber Barons

Answer 1

Titans of industry called Robber Barons because of their harsh and tough dealings with people. Symbolized by greed and callousness in business

Question 2

Name at least 2 of the Robber Barons

Answer 2

Cornelius Vanderbilt
James J Jill
Andrew Carnegie
John D. Rockefeller
James Buchanan Duke
J.P. Morgan

Question 3

Define the term: Vertical Integration

Answer 3

Controlling all of the processes from the mine to the production of the finished product (cow to butcher shop)

Question 4

Who invented the telephone

Answer 4

Alexander Graham Bell, except not really, it was Antonio Meucci

Question 5

Name the most prolific inventor in the United States

Answer 5

Thomas Edison

Question 6

Define the term: “Spoiled System”

Answer 6

The term used for those who would appoint friends and allies, regardless of qualifications to positions

Question 7

Define the term: Stalwarts

Answer 7

Members of the Republican Party who favored high tariffs, hard money, and the spoils system. Fought against Half-Breeds

Question 8

Define the term: Half-Breeds

Answer 8

Moderate republicans who favored reform. Fought against the Stalwarts

Question 9

Who was on the “unity” or “compromise” ticket 1880?

Answer 9

James Garfield (Half-Breed) - President
Chester A. Arthur (Stalwart) - Vice President

Question 10

Who was the first Democrat elected after the civil war?

Answer 10

Grover Cleveland

Question 11

What is Grover Cleveland’s claim to fame in regards to the President

Answer 11

Only President to serve 2 non-consecutive terms

Question 12

What was the chief policy concern of President Presidents in the late 1880’s

Answer 12

Tariff’s and taxes

Question 13

Define the term: Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Answer 13

Made it illegal to create a monopoly

Question 14

What were the 4 key issues from 1870 on

Answer 14

Civil Service Reform, government corruption, tariffs, regulation of trust’s/monopolies.

Question 15

Where did businessmen turn to for labor in the late 1800’s and why?

Answer 15

Child and women labor - it was cheaper than men

Question 16

Define the term: Knights of Labor

Answer 16

Society of skilled and unskilled workers who advocated for worker reform

Question 17

Why did labor unrest increase?

Answer 17

Working conditions, child labor, exploitation of workers, long work days.

Question 18

Define the term: Populism

Answer 18

A political approach that strives to appeal to the ordinary people who feel their concerns are not addressed by who they view as the elite

Question 19

Define the term: New Immigration

Answer 19

The term coined for immigrants coming from places which had not previously been a source of immigration (Italy, China, France, Russia)

Question 20

Define the term: Darwinism

Answer 20

Survival of the fittest / natural selection

Question 21

Define the term: Social Darwinism

Answer 21

Application of survival of the fittest onto social and business institutions

Question 22

What are the two styles that gain prominence in the late 19th century

Answer 22

Naturalism & Realism

Question 23

Define the term: Naturalism

Answer 23

Art/creative endeavors dealing with man’s helplessness in the face of nature

Question 24

Define the term: Realism

Answer 24

A shift in focus from exotic, foreign characters to more relatable, every day characters.

Question 25

What was on the rise due to the increase of industry?

Answer 25

Leisure time and materialism

Question 26

What became popular for American’s in their leisure

Answer 26

Baseball, Croquet, Wild West Shows, Circus’ & more